Companion Animal Arthritis: An Overview of Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
What is Arthritis?
Arthritis refers to inflammation and degradation of the joints. It is a common condition seen in aging companion animals like dogs and cats. As with humans, arthritis in pets is caused due to deterioration of cartilage, the tissue that covers and pads the ends of bones within a joint. This leads to pain, swelling, and reduced mobility in affected joints.
Common Causes of Companion Animal Arthritis
Genetics and Age Play a Role
Some breeds are genetically predisposed to develop arthritis at an earlier age than others. Large and giant breeds as well as dogs with short legs and those bred for looks over function are more prone to joint issues. Similarly, cats may develop arthritis as they get older, often after 7-10 years of age. For most pets, wear and tear due to aging is the primary risk factor for arthritis.
Previous Injuries Can Trigger Problems
Old injuries, especially those involving ligaments and fractures near joints, may lead to post-traumatic Companion Animal Arthritis years later. Elbow dysplasia in dogs and cruciate ligament tears in both dogs and cats often result in osteoarthritis if not treated properly.
Obesity Adds to Joint Stress
Carrying extra pounds puts additional stress on weight-bearing joints like hips. Losing weight can help manage arthritis symptoms in obese pets.
Common Symptoms of Arthritis in Dogs and Cats
Lameness and Stiffness
Pets with arthritis will often demonstrate lameness, stiffness, and reluctance to climb stairs, jump on furniture or engage in vigorous play. They may limp or holds limbs off the ground.
Pain and Swelling
Affected joints appear larger than normal and feel warm and tender. Pets will vocalize or act anxious if the area is touched or moved beyond their comfort level.
Changes in Movement
Arthritic pets change the way they move to avoid placing pressure on sore joints. They may squat to sit or lie down rather than lower down gracefully.
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