A diverse range of chemical chitosan derivatives have been synthesized, yielding better materials with suggested or effective applications in water treatment, biosensor engineering, agriculture, food processing and storage, textile additives, cosmetics manufacturing, and veterinary and human medicine. In the previous two decades, the number of studies in this scientific discipline has expanded dramatically.

Once chitin is synthesized, it can undergo various modifications to enhance its properties. One common modification is the addition of acetyl groups to the GlcNAc units, which increases the hydrophobicity of chitin and makes it more resistant to degradation. Other modifications include the addition of other sugars, such as galactose or fucose, to the chitin chain, which can alter its physical properties.

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