The spectral bandwidth of a spectrophotometer is the range of wavelengths that the instrument can scan simultaneously. Narrow bandwidths provide higher spectral resolution, enabling scientists to distinguish between closely spaced spectral lines. Broad bandwidths, on the other hand, provide higher sensitivity and are suitable for measuring low-concentration samples. Accuracy and precision are important factors to consider when selecting a spectrophotometer.

Accuracy refers to how close the measured value is to the true value, while precision refers to how reproducible the measured value is. Spectrophotometer with high accuracy and precision are essential for applications that require precise measurements, such as in pharmaceuticals and biotechnology. The light source of a spectrophotometer determines the type of samples that can be measured by the instrument. Some spectrophotometers use a tungsten-halogen lamp, which is suitable for measuring visible and near-infrared wavelengths. Others use a deuterium lamp, which is ideal for measuring ultraviolet wavelengths.

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