UV-A Lamps

Wavelengths between 315-400nm. Commonly used for fluorescent lamps and blacklights. UV-A is the longest wavelength band classified as ultraviolet but is still energetic enough to cause chemical reactions and activate dyes/pigments that glow under blacklight. Some key uses of UV-A lamps include:

- Art/forensics – Used to detect evidence not visible to the naked eye like bodily fluids, gunshot residue or fingerprints through fluorescence.

- Tanning/phototherapy – Capable of stimulating vitamin D production in skin without burning. UV-A lamps are safer than UV-B for tanning purposes but still pose long-term health risks with overexposure.

- Indoor/outdoor lighting – UV-A is incorporated into some fluorescent tube lights, security lights and specialty lamps to enhance visibility or allow objects to glow. Effective for stage/party lighting.

UV-B Lamps

UV Lamps Wavelengths between 280-315nm. Considered higher energy than UV-A. Strict controls on power output are needed due to increased ability to burn skin/eyes. Main uses include:

- Dermatology treatments – Narrowband UV-B is a common therapy for skin conditions like psoriasis and eczema that respond to controlled UV exposure. Intense but brief sessions are required.

- Tanning – While less popular now due to risks, some tanning beds still contain UV-B lamps which can tan skin more quickly than UV-A alone. Permanent skin damage is a long term effect.

- Plant growth – Low doses of UV-B help stimulate production of strengthening compounds in plants like fruits/vegetables. Applied in horticulture.

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