Steam Coil- An Efficient Heat Transfer Technique

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Introduction
Steam coil is a type of heat exchanger design that uses steam as a heating medium. In a steam coil, coils of tubing or pipes carry steam, which is then used to heat water, air or other liquids circulating around the coil. It is a very common and efficient method used for heating purposes in many industrial and commercial applications. In this article, we will discuss the working, design, uses and advantages of steam coils as an effective heat transfer technology.

Working Principle

A  Steam Coil works on the principle of heat transfer via conduction. Steam at high temperature and pressure flows through the inner pipes or tubes of the coil. The outer surface of these tubes is then exposed to the medium that needs to be heated, usually air or water. Due to the temperature difference between the steam and the surrounding medium, heat energy transfers from the steam to the outer surface of the tubes via conduction. This heat is then transported to the surrounding medium via convection. As the steam loses heat, it condenses into water which is drained out. The surrounding medium thus absorbs heat from the coil and its temperature rises.

Design and Construction

The basic components of a steam coil are coils of tubing, inlet and outlet headers and mounting brackets. Commonly used tube materials are copper, stainless steel, carbon steel etc. depending on requirements. Tubes are usually arranged in closely packed coils for maximum surface area and efficient heat transfer. Inlet and outlet headers distribute steam evenly among all tubes. Brackets are used to mount the coil assembly in the system. Coils can be designed as semi-enclosed or fully enclosed based on site needs. Semi-enclosed coils have openings on both ends while fully enclosed coils are completely sealed.

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