Reach stackers are large automated machines used in ports, intermodal facilities and warehouses to move containers short distances and stack them for storage or transport. They derive their name from their ability to "reach" across their wheeled chassis to pick up or set down containers in various positions. These stackers have traditionally been used in container terminals to shuttle containers between ships, trucks and storage areas. However, as supply chains have grown more complex, their role has expanded significantly.

Increased Throughput Requirements

Reach Stackers trade volumes have skyrocketed in recent decades, putting immense pressure on ports and distribution centers to rapidly move more goods through their operations. The turnaround time for loading and unloading ships has become a major competitive factor, and warehouses must fulfill constantly growing e-commerce orders as quickly as possible. Reach stackers help address these throughput challenges through their efficiency and productivity advantages over other equipment types. Their twin-lift capability allows them to work on two rows of containers at once, and they can perform tandem lifts to double their stacking rate. Onboard computers optimize operators' movements to minimize non-productive time. Advanced models use lasers, cameras and sensors for fully automated operation. All of these features allow reach stackers to move more containers per hour than other handling equipment.

Role in Intermodal Transportation

Intermodal freight, where containers are transported by multiple modes of trucks, trains and ships, has gained immense popularity owing to its cost and environmental benefits over all-truck shipments. However, efficient interchanges between these modes require highly coordinated equipment operations. These stackers play a key role in rapid transloading of containers between truck chassis and railcars or vessels. Their lifting configurations allow them to access multiple areas of rail yard stacks or vessel holds simultaneously for faster loading and unloading than other vehicle types. They eliminate bottlenecks that slow intermodal interchange velocity. Some ports are now deploying reach stackers equipped with bridge cranes to directly transfer containers between vessels and on-dock rail without using terminal stacking areas. This further streamlines processes.

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