Mesenchymal Stem Cells: New Findings Shed Light on the Therapeutic Potential of Compound X in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Introduction to Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Mesenchymal germ cell (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. They were first discovered and isolated from the bone marrow but have since been found in other tissues. Due to their unique properties, MSCs have generated significant interest from the scientific community regarding their potential use in regenerative medicine and clinical therapies. This article will provide an overview of MSCs, including their characteristics, isolation, differentiation potential, and current therapeutic applications.
What are Mesenchymal Stem Cells?
Mesenchymal germ cell are adult stem cells that are non-hematopoietic, multipotent cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. They are distinguished from other adult stem cells by their adherence to plastic in standard culture conditions and expression of specific cell surface markers. Phenotypically, MSCs are negative for hematopoietic markers such as CD34, CD45, CD11b, CD14, and CD79 but are positive for CD105, CD73, CD90, CD44, and stem cell antigen-1.
Sources and Isolation of MSCs
While Mesenchymal Stem Cell were originally found in bone marrow, they have since been isolated from various tissues, including adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, peripheral blood, and tissues like lung, liver, and dermis. Regardless of tissue source, their isolation process is similar. Tissues are harvested, minced, and treated with collagenase to derive a single-cell suspension. This cell suspension is then placed in standard culture conditions where MSCs preferentially adhere to plastic surfaces while other cells are washed away. The adherent cells are cultured and passaged to increase MSC numbers.
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