Softgel capsules, also known as softgels, are a type of liquid-filled capsule used to deliver nutritional supplements, botanical extracts, and pharmaceutical ingredients. Unlike traditional hard gelatin capsules which contain dry ingredients, softgels contain a liquid, semi-solid, or paste-like fill material that is encapsulated using a soft gelatin shell.

History and Development of Softgel Technology

The technology used to produce Softgel Capsule was developed in the 1970s as an extension of traditional hard shell capsule manufacturing. Early softgel formulations were developed for delivering supplements containing oils or other liquids difficult to encapsulate using dry filling methods. The soft gelatin shell helps protect light-sensitive and moisture-sensitive ingredients compared to tablets. Increased consumer demand for easier to swallow dosage forms also drove adoption of softgels.

Composition of Softgel Shells

Softgel shells are typically made from gelatin, glycerin, and purified water. Gelatin is derived from collagen extracted from animal sources like pork or beef skin and bone. The gelatin forms a thin, flexible membrane that encases the liquid or semi-solid fill material. Glycerin acts as a plasticizer, allowing the gelatin to become soft and elastic. Other ingredients like sorbitol or magnesium stearate may be added to further modify the properties of the shell. The gelatin shell protects the enclosed fill from moisture and oxidation while allowing diffusion of active ingredients when ingested.

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