Understanding Different Types of Lubricants Available in the What are Lubricants?
They are substances that are applied to moving surfaces to reduce friction and wear between them. They lubricate the surfaces allowing components to move smoothly relative to each other while protecting the surfaces from damage and prolonging the life of the machinery. Without them, there would be increased friction between surfaces leading to overheating, excessive wear and premature failure of mechanical components.
Types
There are different types available based on their compositions and properties. Some of the major types are:
Mineral Oil Lubricants
Mineral Lubricants oils are the most commonly used extracted from crude oil during the refining process. They have good oxidation stability and low cost making them suitable for general applications. Mineral oils are further classified based on their viscosity grades as automotive, industrial, marine and specialty oils suitable for specific conditions. They widely used for engines, transmissions, hydraulic systems and various mechanical equipment.
Synthetic Lubricants
They are manufactured by chemically combining hydrocarbons with additives instead of being refined from crude oil. They have enhanced properties compared to conventional mineral oils such as high thermal and oxidation stability, low volatility, low pour point and better low and high-temperature performance. Common synthetic type include polyalphaolefins (PAO), polyalkylene glycol (PAG), esters, silicones and fluorocarbons used in extreme conditions.
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