Since Mobley began playing RuneScape in the aughts there was a black market that had developed beneath the game's economic system. In the realm of Gielinor, players can trade various items like mithril longswords, yak-hide armor, plants OSRS gold harvested from herbiboars, and gold, the game's currency. Sooner or later, players began exchanging the gold they earned in game for actual dollars, a process referred to as real-world trade. Jagex, the game's developer does not allow these exchanges.

The first time, real-time trading was done informally. "You might buy some gold from your friend at high school." Jacob Reed, a popular creator of YouTube videos about RuneScape known as Crumb, wrote within an email message to me. Lateron, the demand for gold exceeded supply, and some players became full-time gold farmers or those who generate in-game currency to sell for actual money.

Internet-age miners always played enormously multiplayer online games or MMOs, including Ultima Online and World of Warcraft. They also worked in the virtual worlds of text, explained Julian Dibbell, now a technology transactions lawyer who used to write about virtual economies as a journalist.

In the past of these gold miners were mostly located in China. Some hunkered down in makeshift factories, where they killed virtual ogres and scavenged their corpses during 12-hour shifts. There were stories of Chinese government using prisoners as gold farms.

In RuneScape the black market economy of gold farmers was comparatively small until 2013. Some players were unsatisfied with the extent to which the game has evolved since it first introduced in 2001. They contacted Jagex to restore an earlier version. Jagex released a new version from its archive, and users returned to what came to be referred to as Old School RuneScape.

A lot of these players were similar to Mobley. They played RuneScape in their teens, and then looked back fondly on the angular graphics and kitschy soundtrack. Although these 20 and 30 year olds had plenty of time as children but they had to take on responsibilities that went beyond schoolwork.

"People have jobs and are likely to have families," said Stefan Kempe, another popular creator of videos on RuneScape which has nearly 200k followers and goes by the brand name SoupRS in an interview. "It's an obstacle to how long they can play every day."

The game isn't easy. In order to increase a character's agility from 1 to 99, which is the top level, it's likely to take more than a week of nonstop play, according to a detailed guide released by the game's cheap RS gold creator. When they realized they could have more than their typical allowances at the age of 18, players like Mobley who works at an information center, decided to circumvent the grind of getting their characters leveled in exchange for rare items, and also the boring beginnings on the first game.