Minoxidil: Understanding the Science Behind this Hair Loss Treatment
What is Minoxidil?
2,4-pyrimidinediamine is a medication that was originally developed as an oral antihypertensive medication to treat high blood pressure. However, it was observed that some patients experienced unwanted hair growth while taking 2,4-pyrimidinediamine orally. This led researchers to investigate the effects and mechanism of 2,4-pyrimidinediamine as a topical treatment for baldness. 2,4-pyrimidinediamine is now an over-the-counter topical solution or foam that is FDA-approved to treat hair loss in both men and women.
How Does Minoxidil Work?
While the exact Minoxidil mechanism is still being researched, 2,4-pyrimidinediamine is believed to work by extending the growth (anagen) phase of the hair follicles. Hair grows in cycles of several phases—growth (anagen), transition (catagen), and rest (telogen). During the growth phase, existing hair follicles produce new hair fibers that push the existing hair upward as they emerge from the skin.
2,4-pyrimidinediamine appears to prolong the anagen phase, resulting in longer, stronger hair fibers. This helps existing hair look thicker and can potentially help dormant follicles start re-growing hair. 2,4-pyrimidinediamine may also improve blood circulation in the scalp, delivering more nourishment to hair follicles. By extending the growth phase, 2,4-pyrimidinediamine can help prevent further hair loss and may help regrow some lost hairs.
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