At its core, a Photodiode Sensors works on the photoelectric effect principle where photons are absorbed to generate electron-hole pairs. When a photodiode is not exposed to light, its p-n junction acts like a regular diode that does not allow current to flow from anode to cathode. However, when light falls on the photodiode, electron-hole pairs are generated in the depletion region.

Quantum dot and graphene photodetectors promise orders of magnitude faster detection at lower power consumption compared to silicon. Such disruptive technologies may find uses in LiDAR, medical imaging, spectroscopy and spectroscopy. Overall, innovative photodiode sensors will remain central to enabling the next wave of smart automation, mobility and IoT capabilities.

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