History and Development
The earliest neurovascular devices can be traced back to the 1950s when detachable coils started being used to occlude vascular abnormalities in the brain such as arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and aneurysms. Since then, significant advances have been made in both endovascular and surgical techniques and technologies for treating various Neurovascular Devices diseases and disorders. Some key milestones in the development of neurovascular devices include:
In the 1970s, the first balloon catheters were introduced for treating vascular conditions like carotid artery stenosis. Soon after, self-expanding stents were developed for treating similar vascular narrowings.
The 1990s saw the advent of advanced detachable coils made of platinum and other materials. These improved coils could better fill aneurysm sacs for safer and more complete occlusion. Further, three-dimensional imaging like 3D digital subtraction angiography (DSA) became available, aiding precise navigation of devices to treatment sites.
In 2005, the FDA approved the first flow diversion devices meant for intracranial aneurysm treatment. Made of braided or woven wire mesh, these diverted blood flow away from aneurysms, promoting thrombosis.
The past decade witnessed major advances in microcatheters and guidewires for crossing complex neurovascular abnormalities. Self-expanding intracranial stents further boosted efficiency of coiling and flow diversion procedures.
Other newer technologies include balloon-expandable stents, aspiration devices to remove thrombus, and bioactive coils laced with drugs or biologics. Furthermore, robotics and artificial intelligence are increasingly guiding minimally invasive neuro interventions.
Today, an array of innovative neurovascular devices addresses a wide spectrum of cerebrovascular disorders in a minimally invasive, safe, and effective manner.
In all, neurovascular devices have revolutionized treatment of many previously surgically challenging brain conditions. With ongoing multidisciplinary collaborations, they will keep vastly improving patient outcomes and quality of life globally.
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