Thyroid problems may result from the thyroid's inability or overproduction of these hormones. Thyroid nodules, thyroid cancer, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis are among the frequent thyroid conditions encountered in India. In hypothyroidism, the thyroid produces insufficient amounts of hormones, whereas in hyperthyroidism, the thyroid produces excessive amounts of hormones due to overactivity. 

Types of Thyroid Function Tests

Doctors typically recommend one or more thyroid function tests to determine if the thyroid gland is working properly or diagnose a potential thyroid disorder. Some common thyroid function tests include: 

- TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) Test: This test measures the levels of TSH in the blood. TSH is produced by the pituitary gland and signals the India Thyroid Function Test to produce more hormones if levels are low or less if levels are high. An abnormal TSH level can indicate hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. 

- T4 (Thyroxine) Test: This directly measures the levels of T4 hormone in the blood. Low T4 levels suggest hypothyroidism. 

- T3 (Triiodothyronine) Test: T3 is the active thyroid hormone. This test measures T3 levels, which are usually low in hypothyroidism and high in hyperthyroidism. 

- Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Test: These autoantibodies attack the thyroid and are associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders like Hashimoto's. 

- Thyroglobulin Antibody Test: High levels suggest that residual thyroid tissue may still be present after thyroid surgery or treatment for thyroid cancer.

 The results of these tests along with a medical examination and symptoms help doctors diagnose thyroid disorders and determine appropriate treatment options. Repeat testing may also be required to monitor the effectiveness of treatments.

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