Solar Street Lighting: An Eco-friendly Solution for Illuminating Our Cities
Solar powered street lights are becoming increasingly popular as municipalities look for more sustainable and cost-effective ways to light their streets and public areas at night. These lights use photovoltaic (PV) panels to convert sunlight into electricity during the day which is then stored in batteries. At nightfall, the batteries power LED lamps to illuminate the streets and pathways. By harnessing renewable solar energy, solar street lights eliminate the need for public utilities to install and maintain overhead power lines to provide electricity to remote street lights.
Key Components of a Solar Street Light System
A typical solar street light system consists of the following key components:
- Solar photovoltaic (PV) panel: Made of silicon cells, the PV panel efficiently converts sunlight into electricity during daylight hours. Most PV panels used for street lights range from 5-30 watts in size.
- Battery: Deep cycle lead-acid or lithium-ion batteries are commonly used to store the Solar Street Lighting -generated electricity from the PV panel. Batteries with a capacity of at least 90-200 Ah are adequate for street lights.
- Light emitting diode (LED) lamp: Highly efficient LED bulbs ranging from 30-100 watts are used as the light source. Their longevity and lower power consumption compared to traditional bulbs make them ideal for solar applications.
- Light sensor/controller: This electronic component detects dusk and dawn to automatically switch the LED lamp on at nightfall and off at dawn to optimize battery usage. It also regulates the charging and discharging of batteries.
- Pole: Galvanized or Powder coated steel poles of heights 5-15 meters securely hold the PV panel, batteries, LED lamp and controller components together.
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