Hybrid Vehicles: The Future of Environmentally Friendly Transportation
What is it?
HV use two or more distinct power sources to drive the vehicle. Most common type of hybrids utilize a combination of an internal combustion engine and electric motor. The electric motor assists the gasoline engine or works independently for periods of time based on driving conditions.
How do they Work?
A HV has both a gasoline engine and an electric motor. The gasoline engine charges the battery pack which powers the electric motor. During acceleration or climbing hills, both the engine and the electric motor work together to power the wheels. When coasting or braking, the electric motor acts as a generator to charge the battery pack. At lower speeds or when idling, the gasoline engine shuts off and the vehicle runs entirely on electric power to optimize fuel efficiency. The electric motor is also used to start the gasoline engine automatically.
Benefits of Hybrid Technology
Hybrid Vehicles are more fuel efficient than conventional gasoline-only vehicles. Their average combined city/highway fuel economy is 10-60% better than non-hybrids depending on model and usage. This leads to significant fuel cost savings for owners over time.
They are also more environmentally friendly as their lower fuel consumption results in fewer greenhouse gas emissions. Some plug-in hybrids can drive 20-50 miles or more solely on their battery before using any gasoline at all in electric-only mode. This reduces local air pollution in cities from tailpipe emissions.
Hybrids are generally more cost effective for drivers who do frequent short trips and lots of start-stop driving. The gasoline engine tends to shut off at stops which reduces unnecessary fuel consumption and emissions during idling. Their brake regeneration also captures energy lost during deceleration and uses it to charge the battery.
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