Overviewing Phenoxyethanol and How Does it Work as a Preservative |...

Overviewing Phenoxyethanol and How Does it Work as a Preservative

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Phenoxyethanol is an aromatic alcohol that is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetic, personal care and household products. It helps protect products from spoilage by microbial contaminants such as bacteria, yeasts and molds.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Phenoxyethanol is classified as an ether alcohol. Its chemical formula is C8H10O2 and its systematic IUPAC name is 2-phenoxyethanol. It has a phenol functional group attached to an ethanol molecule. C8H10O2 is a colorless, viscous liquid with a slight pleasant odor. It is soluble in water, ethanol and other organic solvents. It has a boiling point of approximately 260°C.

Modes of Antimicrobial Action

C8H10O2 works as a preservative due to its ability to disrupt microbial cell membranes. Its phenol group makes it highly lipid-soluble, allowing it to penetrate and disrupt the lipid bilayers of bacterial, fungal and yeast cell membranes. Phenoxyethanol damage increases membrane permeability and causes the loss of intracellular constituents like ATP and potassium ions, ultimately killing the microbes. C8H10O2 also inhibits certain microbial enzymes involved in energy production.

Uses and Application in Different Products

Due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and good solubility in both water and oil, C8H10O2 is widely used as a preservative in personal care, cosmetic and household products. Some common applications include:

- Skincare products like lotions, creams, ointments, cleansers, makeup etc. to prevent contamination from use.

- Hair care products like shampoos, conditioners, styling products etc.

- Fragrances like perfumes, colognes, deodorants.

- Oral care products like toothpastes and mouthwashes.

- Household cleaners like detergents, disinfectants, air fresheners etc.

- Veterinary care products.

It provides effective and broad-spectrum preservation against bacteria, yeasts and molds growth during the shelf life of these products.