Acrylic fabrics are made from a synthetic polymer called acrylonitrile. The fibers are made by reacting certain petroleum or coal-based chemicals with a variety of monomers, which means that acrylic fabric is a fossil fuel-based fiber.
Since acrylic fabric is one of the least breathable textiles in the world, it is very popular in insulation applications. For example, it is commonly used in sports gear, and common tracksuits, hoodies, and sweatpants are made of acrylic fabric. However, there are concerns that acrylic may cause cancer, so it may be prudent to avoid allowing this fiber to come into contact with the skin.
While acrylic fiber may contain smaller amounts of other synthetic compounds, the fiber must contain at least 85% acrylonitrile to be considered authentic. Depending on the compound the acrylonitrile is mixed with, the final fabric will have different properties.
Keep in mind that both cold and hot water can be harmful to garments made from acrylic fabrics. Therefore, you should always wash acrylic clothing in warm water. When you cold wash acrylic, it starts to become stiff and inflexible, and when you wash this fabric in too hot water, it can melt and damage your washer or other items in your load.
Plus, acrylic fabrics are more prone to pilling than almost any other fabric. If you wash an acrylic garment in a color that doesn't quite match its color, you'll end up with a garment covered in pills that are the same color as the garment you washed.
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