Catamarans: A Unique Approach to Multihull Design
History of Catamaran Development
The earliest forms of catamarans originated in Polynesia, where outrigger canoes were used for centuries. These watercraft featured twin hulls connected by an outrigger float to provide extra stability in the ocean. Modern catamaran designs developed in Europe in the 1960s, with engineers experimenting with different hull shapes, materials and sailing configurations. Early multihull pioneers like Jean-François Colas helped prove the seakeeping capabilities of planar hull catamarans, leading to broader adoption of the design.
Basic Catamaran Components
The defining feature of a Catamarans is its twin hulls. The two slim hulls are connected by transverse structural beams called "beams." This allows the hulls to sit apart at a distance called the "beam reach" to achieve more stability. Each hull acts independently to reduce drag, yet they work together hydrodynamically. The platform between the hulls is called the "bridge deck." This provides a stable surface for the cabin structure and crew. Outfitting choices like number of cabins, heads and accommodation depend on the intended use. For sailing yachts, a mast typically rises from the bridge deck, while powercats house engines and the helm station.
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