Photodiode Sensors: Enabling Smarter Automation and IoT Applications At its core, a Photodiode Sensors works on the photoelectric effect principle where photons are absorbed to generate electron-hole pairs. When a photodiode is not exposed to light, its p-n junction acts like a regular diode that does not allow current to flow from anode to cathode. However, when light falls on the photodiode, electron-hole pairs are generated in the depletion region.
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