d during the 24-hour active wheel test. On the background EMS the motor activity dramatically increased in dexamethasone-treated rats It is possible to assume that EMS exerts antidepressant effects against the background of dexamethasone injection and inhibits the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system. Against the background of high doses of dexamethasone, EMS causes the body to become more active, change the depressive-like behavior, reduces the alarm response, and increases research activity. We suppose that EMS suppresses the GRs expression (negative feedback) which reduces the activity of the HPA axis, and recover behavioral disorders induced by depression.The aim of the study was to assess the dependence of blood biochemical parameters with the degree of osteoarthritis of the knee joint and therapy. In experiments, osteoarthritis was simulated in rabbits (n=25) and after 75 days changes in the level of peroxidation products, activity of leukocyte enzymes were studied and the results were compared with the degree of knee joint injury, as well as taking into account the application of a concentrate of bone marrow aspirate, mechanically homogenized adipose tissue and platelet rich plasma. Analysis of the results confirmed the assumption of a direct relationship between the level of peroxidation products (diene conjugates, TBA-reactive products, products of oxidative modification of proteins), ceruloplasmin, and proinflammatory activity of leukocytes (by the activity of elastase and myeloperoxidase) with the level of morphological changes in the articular cartilage, capsule and meniscus of the knee joint. Based on histological analysis, it was concluded that the application of a concentrate of bone marrow aspirate and homogenized adipose tissue activated the processes of reorganization and regeneration of the synovial membrane and menisci of the joint, which correlated with the indicators of myeloperoxidase activity, the level of TBA-reactive products and ceruloplasmin. The action of platelet rich plasma was characterized by a correlation between leukocyte enzymes and lipid and protein oxidation products in blood serum. The results of the study suggest that the bone marrow aspirate concentrate has a greater therapeutic potential compaired to the platelet rich plasma and cell suspension obtained from adipose tissue.In order to determine the general patterns of activation of the inter organ compensatory-adaptive processes, the peculiarities of activation of compensatory processes caused by unilateral nephrectomy in adult rat liver at the initial stage of hepatopathy (first three days after the operation) have been studied. In particular, it has been established that only small but visible abnormalities in the spatial relationship of sinusoids and hepatic plates are revealed morphologically in rat liver histology. The increasing of the functional load caused by changes in histoarchitecture, at these times, does not stimulate hepatocyte proliferation. At the same time, it is revealed that at the initial stage of hepatopathy caused by unilateral nephrectomy, preference is given to polyploidy from compensatory-adaptive processes charachterised to liver. In particular, it has been shown that liver responses mainly by quantitative increases in binucleated cells (2cx2) to the functional load induced by unilateral nephrectomy at an early stage.Mechanical damage to the peripheral nerve is a fairly common type of injury, which is characterized by a complex of long-term neurological disorders and require significant financial costs. The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficiency of sciatic nerve (SN) regeneration after neuroraphy using epineural suture (ES), polyethylene glycol hydrogel (PEG), and fibrin glue (FG). The studies were carried out on 30 white outbred male rats, which were divided into six experimental groups Group №1 intact rats; Group №2 Sham operated; Group №3 complete transection of the SN; Group №4 nerve repair with ES; Group №5 nerve repair with PEG; Group №6 nerve repair with FG. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sn-011-gun35901.html Functional recovery was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4 postoperative weeks using a walking-track analysis with subsequent determination of the sciatic nerve functional index (SFI). At 4 weeks, electroneuromyography, histological and morphometric analyzes were performed. The combined analysis indicated that PEG significantly improved functional recovery, both in the SFI index and in the skeletal muscle M-response. Compared to ES and PEG, the use of FG was reflected in a lower significance of the indicators compared to PEG. Statistical analysis indicates a positive effect of PEG and FG on nerve regeneration, although significantly greater remyelination (analysis based on fiber diameter) was confirmed only in the PEG group, which explains the faster functional recovery of the limb. PEG in the form of a hydrogel is a more promising agent in microsurgical restoration of damaged nerves as an adhesive, it promotes rapid nerve regeneration, denervated muscle re-innervation and functional limb recovery.Following the completion of the Human Genome Project, the strategic direction of modern genetics has moved toward functional genomics, to explore the functions of non-coding regions of DNA. These non-coding regions are localized in heterochromatin. The functions of heterochromatin largely remain unclear. Facultative heterochromatin occurs in aging. The effect of synthetic peptide bioregulators (tetrapeptides Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly; Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala; Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro and dipeptide - Lys-Glu) on total heterochromatin, constitutive (structural) and facultative heterochromatin in cultured lymphocytes of individuals aged 75-88 and 20 - 40 years have been studied. We used a molecular-cytogenetic methods differential scanning calorimetry; activity of ribosomal genes of acrocentric chromosome satellite stalks - NORs; C-heterochromatin; sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). The results showed that peptide bioregulators 1. induce unrolling - deheterochromatinization of total heterochromatin, constitutive (pericentromeric, telomeric, and nucleolar organizer regions (NOR)) and facultative heterochromatin; 2. induce higher level of SCEs (deheterochromatinization), were registered in telomeric heterochromatin and decreased (heterochromatinization) SCEs level in the medial regions of chromosome arms; 3. each peptide bioregulator selectively deheterochromatinizes a specific region of chromosomes releasing inactive (once active) genes, which, apparently, can contribute to the targeted treatment of aging diseases. The proposed genetic mechanism responsible for the remodeling of constitutive and facultative heterochromatin emphasizes the importance of external and internal factors in the development of diseases and may lead to the development of a strategy for the therapeutic treatment of senile pathology.