To describe ocular surface characteristics and tests' results in a healthy pediatric population. We performed a cross-sectional study with 60 healthy children, obtaining consent, OSDI and screen use survey and conducting ocular surface tests. Statistical univariate analysis for categorical and quantitative variables was made. To describe the correlation of the results in both eyes, we used a model of random effects. To characterize the possible profiles of device use, we applied the mixed-cluster methodology. Sixty healthy children between 7 and 17 years old were evaluated. Girl's proportion was 41.6%. Mean Ocular Surface Disease Index Score was 9.98±8.49 points. Daily screen time was 5.59±2.77 hours and the most popular screen was the smartphone. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mepazine-hydrochloride.html Mean results (with standard deviations or confidence intervals) of ocular surface tests were blink frequency while reading on paper, 6.8±5.68 times per minute; blink frequency while reading on screen, 8.7±7.14 times per minute; tear meniscus height, 0.19[0.18-ues of ocular surface tests, we performed a clinical investigation involving the complete pool of ocular surface tests in children. Although healthy children were included in this study, we found that all the participants had at least one abnormal result and 33.33% had dry eye disease diagnosis, according to the TFOS DEWS II. It would be relevant to carry out further multicentric studies to compare our ocular surface tests' results with other groups of children. To present our hybrid telehealth medical retina clinic service with intravitreal injections (IVI) treatment as a safe alternative to in-person visits and examination during COVID-19 pandemic disease. Due to exposure to a COVID-19 positive retina fellow, our retina service, in quarantine, evaluated patients' medical files and retinal scans using a telemedicine approach. A different protocol for patients coming for IVI during the COVID-19 pandemic was established for IVI administration. During the 14-day quarantine period (between March 18th and March 31st 2020), the hybrid telehealth medical retina clinic performed 523 IVI to 394 patients with a mean age ± SD 70.96 ± 14.4 years. IVI were administered for neovascular age-related macular degeneration in 50.5% of the cases (199 patients), diabetic macular edema in 21.3% (84 patients), retinal vein occlusion in 17.5% (69 patients), and 10.7% for other retinal pathologies (42 patients). No ocular or systemic complications were observed. During disasters and pandemics, IVI can be provided safely using a hybrid telehealth medical retina clinic approach but only in the appropriate patient and health care system. During disasters and pandemics, IVI can be provided safely using a hybrid telehealth medical retina clinic approach but only in the appropriate patient and health care system. To compare the results of retreatment with wavefront-guided LASIK versus wavefront-guided PRK for residual refractive error following previous myopic keratorefractive surgery. In this prospective study, 32 eyes of 28 patients after prior myopic keratorefractive surgery underwent retreatment with flap-lift wavefront-guided LASIK (n = 12) or wavefront-guided PRK (n = 20) for residual refractive error. Safety, efficacy, predictability, and wavefront outcomes were evaluated. At last follow-up, both LASIK and PRK retreatment resulted in similar improvement in visual acuity with respective mean ± standard deviation (SD) uncorrected distance visual acuity of -0.07 ± 0.11 logMAR and -0.06 ± 0.13 logMAR (p = 0.87). In the study, 16.7% of LASIK and 33.3% of PRK eyes gained one or more lines of best-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), while 16.7% and 9.5% of eyes lost one or more lines of CDVA with LASIK and PRK, respectively. One hundred % of LASIK eyes and 89.5% of PRK eyes were within ± 0.50 diopters of emmetropia. Wavefront analysis demonstrated similar reductions in total RMS error higher-order aberrations (p = 0.84) with no difference in coma, trefoil, or spherical aberration between eyes undergoing LASIK or PRK retreatment. Wavefront-guided LASIK and wavefront-guided PRK following previous keratorefractive surgery demonstrate similar safety, efficacy, and predictability with comparable wavefront outcomes. Wavefront-guided LASIK and wavefront-guided PRK following previous keratorefractive surgery demonstrate similar safety, efficacy, and predictability with comparable wavefront outcomes.Chorioretinal folds (CRFs) are undulations of the choroid and overlying Bruch's membrane, retinal pigment epithelium and neurosensory retina. CRFs represent a clinical sign that is mandatory to investigate assuming their association with several ocular and extra-ocular disorders. Recent advances in retinal imaging have improved the characterization of CRFs. More importantly, retinal imaging may be useful to detect ocular complications secondary to chronic CRFs, including the development of choroidal neovascularization. The purpose of this study is the motor outcome analysis of early Botulinum toxin (BT) treatment in patients affected by large-angle infantile esotropia (IE). Retrospective analysis of 130 medical charts of IE patients who underwent BT injections between 2004 and 2019 was performed. All patients underwent BT injections within 13 months of age. Thirty patients, matching the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Twenty-eight patients showing residual ET ≥25 PD (34.3±6.6 PD ranged from 25 to 50) underwent surgery. Our result after 1 Botulinum toxin injection showed a very low success rate (6.7%) at last follow-up (28.3±7.2 months). Our data would suggest one Botulinum toxin injection in children affected by large-angle infantile esotropia allows a significant reduction of deviation but does not avoid the need for surgical treatment. Our result after 1 Botulinum toxin injection showed a very low success rate (6.7%) at last follow-up (28.3±7.2 months). Our data would suggest one Botulinum toxin injection in children affected by large-angle infantile esotropia allows a significant reduction of deviation but does not avoid the need for surgical treatment.