Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a common heavy metal pollutant in environment and has been proved possessing the cytotoxicity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6) in apoptosis of chicken embryo fibroblasts cell line (DF-1) induced by Cr(VI). Firstly, DF-1 cells were exposed to Cr(VI) to establish the cytotoxicity model, then the cell apoptosis and ATF-6 protein level were analyzed. By silencing ATF-6 gene, changes of the apoptosis rate and apoptotic proteins were examined. To further explore the regulatory mechanism of ATF-6, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, as well as the related pathway were evaluated. Results showed that Cr(VI) can result in DF-1 cell apoptosis, along with mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) reducing and ER stress. Meanwhile, ATF-6 silencing lowered the apoptosis rate and ER stress level, showing with the decrease of XBP-1, PERK, GRP78, Caspase-12, Cleaved Caspase-3 and the increase of Bcl-2. Further analysis found that ATF-6 silencing down-regulated ROS and caused MMP loss, suggesting that ATF-6 silencing inhibited Cr(VI)-induced mitochondrial damage. In conclusion, this study indicate that ATF-6 plays an important regulatory role in Cr(VI)-induced DF-1 cell apoptosis through the ER stress and mitochondrial pathway.Non-biodegradable microplastics (MPs) pollution long-termly existed in soils, and was only concerned in recent years. In order to better understand MP behavior in soils, the sources, migration, distribution, biological effects, degradation and analytical methodology of non-biodegradable MPs in soils were quantificationally summarized from 170 publications based on Web of Science in 1950-2020. From the publications, we found these studies were mainly carried out in the Asia (60.0%) and Europe (23.3%), and most were on agricultural soils (68.5%). Polyethylene-MP (78.8% of the studies), Polypropylene-MP (78.8%), and Polystyrene-MP (45.5%) were the MPs most frequently found in the soils, with a MP size of 20-5000 µm being most common. Of the soil samples 64.3% contained MP 1000-4000 items kg-1, and the colour frequency ranking is blue (66.7%) > white (61.1%) ≈ red ≈ black. MPs changed the soil microenvironment and microorganism activity, and caused the negative effects on both soil animals (100%) and plants (57.9%). MP degradation was influenced by the photooxidation reactions, microorganism activities, enzymatic effects, environmental conditions, and by the composition, size and morphology of the MPs. An optional analytical method was suggested in this study. At the end of paper, the urgent and important research work in the future was prospected.This study investigated the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization on the growth of wetland plants (Glyceria maxima), and treatment performance in constructed wetlands (CWs) under the stress of pharmaceuticals ibuprofen (IBU) and diclofenac (DCF). Results showed that the growth of G. maxima was significantly increased by AMF colonization. https://www.selleckchem.com/ AMF significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) and soluble protein content in wetland plants, but the contents of malondialdehyde and O2•- were reduced. The removal efficiencies of TOC, PO43--P, NH4+-N, and TN were increased in AMF+ treatments by 6%, 11%, 15% and 11%, respectively. AMF increased the removal efficiencies of IBU and DCF by 6-14% and 2-21%, respectively, and reduced the content of their metabolites (2-OH IBU, CA IBU and 4'-OH DCF) in the effluent. Besides, the presence of AMF increased the contents of IBU and DCF in plant roots, while decreased their transportation to shoots. AMF symbiosis decreased the contents of IBU metabolites (2-OH IBU and CA IBU) but increased the contents of DCF metabolite (4'-OH DCF) in the roots of the host plant. In conclusion, these results indicated that AMF plays a promising role in CWs for emerging pollutants removal.Bentazone, an herbicide widely applied in rice and cereal crops, is widespread in the aquatic environment. This study evaluated the capacity of Trametes versicolor to remove bentazone from water. The fungus was able to completely remove bentazone after three days at Erlenmeyer-scale incubation. Both laccase and cytochrome P450 enzymatic systems were involved in bentazone degradation. A total of 19 transformation products (TPs) were identified to be formed during the process. The reactions involved in their formation included hydroxylations, oxidations, methylations, N-nitrosation, and dimerization. A laccase mediated radical mechanism was proposed for TP formation. In light of the results obtained at the Erlenmeyer scale, a trickle-bed reactor with T. versicolor immobilized on pine wood chips was set up to evaluate its stability during bentazone removal under non-sterile conditions. After 30 days of sequencing batch operation, an average bentazone removal of 48% was obtained, with a considerable contribution of adsorption onto the lignocellulosic support material. Bacterial contamination, which is the bottleneck in the implementation of fungal bioreactors, was successfully addressed by this particular system according to its maintained performance. This research is a pioneering step forward to the implementation of fungal bioremediation on a real scale.There have always been numerous challenges to designing a cost-effectiveness, reusable and robust adsorbents for simultaneous heavy metal ion remediations from wastewaters. Herein, a novel kind of nanocomposite relying on the synergic impact of magnetic Fe3O4, FeMoS4-2, and magnesium-aluminum layered double hydroxide (MgAl-LDH) using loading the FeMoS4-2 on protonated Fe3O4 and adhered to the surface of Mg/Al-LDH (Fe3O4/FeMoS4/MgAl-LDH). The nanocage structures adsorbent was characterized via FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, and VSM techniques and demonstrated having an efficient adsorption capability to common cationic pollutants (Pb (II), Cd (II) and Cu (II) by batch experiments. Disparate chief parameters affecting adsorption performance, including Fe3O4/FeMoS4/MgAl-LDH mass, metal ion concentrations, solution pH, and contact time were considered and optimized through central composite design (CCD) in detail. Its supreme adsorption efficiency toward Pb (II), Cd (II), and Cu (II) accounted for 190.75, 140.50, and 110.