Lung carcinoma is associated with a high mortality worldwide, being the leading cause of cancer death. It is mainly classified into squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), non-squamous NSCLC, and small cell lung cancer. However, such malignancy has been increasingly subdivided into histological and molecular subtypes to guide treatment. Therapies can be used in adjuvant and palliative settings. Regarding immunotherapy, it has been widely tested in both first or subsequent palliative lines. In this sense, drugs such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab, ipilimumab, avelumab, and durvalumab have been assessed in large studies. Some of these trials have also studied these medicines in adjuvant and in maintenance therapy. In recent years, advances in immunotherapy have raised the hope that the unfavorable prognosis observed in several affected individuals can be changed. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sodium-l-ascorbyl-2-phosphate.html Immunotherapy has increased the overall survival in squamous NSCLC, non-squamous NSCLC, and small cell lung cancer. However, it has added to the oncology practice some side effects that are unusual in standard chemotherapy and require special clinical support. In order to show how immunotherapy is being applied in the treatment of lung carcinoma, we reviewed the main studies in adjuvant and palliative scenarios. What is the better scheme? What is the better combination? What is the better dose? When should we use immunotherapy? Does programmed cell death ligand 1 expression significantly interfere in immunotherapy efficiency? Some of these questions have already been answered, while others require more investigations.In this era of climate change, novel nature-based solutions, like the daylighting (de-culverting) of streams, that enhance the socio-ecological resilience are gaining prominence. Yet, the growing body of literature on stream daylighting spreads over an array of seemingly disconnected disciplines and lacks consistency in the terminology and the definitions of the practice. Moreover, nearly all the literature review studies on stream daylighting (mostly produced since 2000) underscore, as their point of departure, the daylighting projects rather than a review of the literature's content per se. Therefore, this study reassesses the literature on stream daylighting with a particular focus on its role, as a nature-based solution, for climate change mitigation and adaptation and for socio-environmental justice. We combine the systematic literature review (an all-encompassing review of the available literature on stream daylighting) with the inductive content analysis (an in-depth analysis of this literature's nature). Accordingly, we investigate all the relevant English-language publications since the first peer reviewed article on stream daylighting was published in 1992 until the end of 2018 to analyze four themes the disciplines and sub-disciplines of the literature; the terminologies and synonyms of stream daylighting; the definitions of stream daylighting; and the case studies tackled in the literature.•We develop a method that combines a systematic review of the stream daylighting literature and inductive content analysis.•The method provides insights on the stream daylighting's literature's disciplines, terminologies, synonyms and case studies.•The method is adaptable particularly, to nascent areas of study where sources' numbers range between 100-200. To evaluate the effect of double level osteotomy (DLO), a combination of a lateral closed distal femoral osteotomy (LCWDFO) and medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO), on patellar height and patellofemoral alignment as compared to those of isolated MOWHTO. Twenty-six consecutive knees in 26 patients who underwent DLO (DLO group) constituted the study population. For comparative purpose, a control cohort (N 26) matched for age, sex, and body mass index with the study group were selected from the patients who underwent isolated MOWHTO with an opening gap of more than 10mm during the same period (MOWHTO group). Patellar height and patellofemoral alignment were assessed on radiographs preoperatively and at 2 years after surgery. For the patellar height, following parameters were measured on a lateral radiograph Modified Insall-Salvati Index (mISI), modified Caton-Deschamps Index (mCDI), and modified Blackburne-Peel Index (mBPI). In the assessment of patellofemoral alignment, lateral patellar tiltlt. Those changes in patellar position and orientation were similarly observed in isolated MOWHTO knees. Although DLO is specifically indicated for knees with severe varus deformity, the two surgical options for correction of varus knee deformity exerted similar influences on patellofemoral biomechanics.Lower respiratory infections are the most important cause of death due to a transmissible disease. We present a case of severe influenza and coccidioidomycosis lung coinfection in a 65-year-old Mexican migrant. This case highlights the challenges that respiratory viruses impose on the diagnosis of fungal infections and on the multidisciplinary management of these infections. In addition, this case shows how medical complications and superinfections could be potentially prevented if flu vaccination is provided.In July 2018, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) implemented a new Public health Agency rule prohibiting the use of tobacco in and within 25 feet of HUD housing. A convenience sample of 574 residents living in Milwaukee, Wisconsin multi-unit HUD complexes completed a survey from May through July 2019, designed to assess their perceptions of the new policy and its impact. Knowledge of the policy was strong, although continued educational efforts are needed. Attitudes about the policy were generally positive, although smokers held more negative attitudes than non-smokers. Some residents desired more and fairer policy enforcement. Most residents reported that smoke incursions were reduced post policy compared to pre policy, although such incursions still occurred. The policy has had a favorable health impact on smokers; over 80% made at least one positive change in their smoking, including 6.4% who said the policy motivated them to quit. There was no evidence that residents with mobility challenges were differentially affected by the policy.