The appearance of micronuclei in group E birds was more significant, indicating that nucleus damage was dose-dependent while to lesser extent duration-dependent. The comet assay showed significant dose- and duration-dependent DNA damage among various groups. In comparison with control group, extensive histological degenerative alterations in the liver, testes, and kidneys were observed in birds of group D and E, where mild to severe alteration like congestion, vacuolation, necrosis, apoptosis, karyopyknosis, extensive degeneration, and alteration in many cellular structures were noticeable.Sustainable management of dyeing industry is of paramount importance in order to minimize resource consumption and reduce related environmental impacts. Herein, an environmental study is conducted wherein life cycle assessment (LCA) is applied to a two-scenario process for Disperse blue 60 production with short and long processing chains with different (a) material types, (b) consumptions, (c) processes, and (d) functional units with yields of 300 t/a. The most important influenced substances of the two scenarios were sodium cyanide and electricity next. Results proved that the largest damage of the dye production was attributed to resources and reached 46 and 62 kPt in the two scenarios. Compared with the conventional coal-fired power generation, damaged values of electricity from nature gas (NG) could reduce from 102 to 86 kPt in scenarios 1 and from 123 to 104 kPt in scenarios 2, respectively. When the electricity switched from NG to solar power, the values of the two scenarios could further decrease by 17 and 27 kPt, respectively. Therefore, the process of scenario 1 with the short process chain was more environmentally friendly for the production of Disperse blue 60 owing to the more efficient process and lower resource consumption. Graphic abstract.In the present study, we report an automated fluorescence sensor for the determination of hydrazine in various water samples based on the concept of zone fluidics. Hydrazine and O-phthalaldehyde react through a unique mechanism in acidic medium (pH = 1.5) and without the presence of additional nucleophilic compounds. Another interesting feature of the proposed reaction is that it is not based on the Red/Ox properties of hydrazine, enhancing further the selectivity of the analytical procedure. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/repsox.html The produced hydrazone exhibits high fluorescence at Ex = 318/Em = 376 nm. Using 120 s as a stopped flow step and temperature of 70 °C, we achieved satisfactory sensitivity for the determination of the analyte at a microgram per liter level with a limit of detection of 1.4 μg L-1 and an analysis rate of 12 h-1. The absence of matrix effect enabled the direct analysis of drinking (tap, mineral, table) and boiler feedwater samples with percent recoveries in the range of 91-111%.Arsenic, a well-known toxic metalloid, is ubiquitously existed in environment. Arsenic exposure has been associated with female reproductive health. However, a potential association between arsenic exposure and primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in women has not been recognized yet. In this case-control study, a total of 169 POI cases and 209 healthy controls were recruited to determine urinary concentrations of arsenic and serum levels of reproductive hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and estradiol). The median concentration of urinary arsenic in cases (21.5 μg/L, 28.0 μg/g for creatinine adjustment) was significantly higher than that of controls (13.8 μg/L, 19.3 μg/g for creatinine adjustment). Urinary arsenic concentrations were significantly positively associated with the risk of POI (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.66, 95% CI 1.43-4.95 for the highest vs lowest tertile of arsenic, p = 0.002; p for trend = 0.004). We also assessed the associations between arsenic exposure and reproductive hormones that are important for ovarian functions. FSH and LH levels were positively associated with urinary arsenic, whereas AMH and estradiol levels were negatively correlated with this element. This study provided evidence that arsenic exposure could be the potential risk factor for POI in women.The influence of farmers' production experience on pesticide overuse is empirically analyzed by an endogenous switching probit model of pesticide use time, type, and dosage, based on survey data of 836 rice farmers in the Yangtze River Basin of China. We find that farmers' production experience is an important cause of pesticide overuse, especially for small-scale farmers. Older, self-sufficient, small-scale, non-cooperative members and rice farmers with distant market towns are more likely to use pesticides based on their personal experience. In terms of pesticide use time, type, and dosage, 35.26%, 30.10%, and 28.52% of the samples, respectively, relied on a decision based on "experience." Among them, farmers' decision-making based on production experience for pesticide type and dosage are the key causes of pesticide overuse. These results will be helpful for reducing pesticides and correcting farmers' "bad habits" within agricultural ecosystems.The aim of the present study was to assess physico-chemical water parameters, granulometric sediment characteristics and concentrations of trace and macroelements in the water and sediments of the Ilova River. Samplings were conducted at three sampling sites (near villages Maslenjača, Ilova and Trebež) along the Ilova River, differing in the source and intensity of the anthropogenic influence. This study indicated disturbed environmental conditions, most pronounced in the downstream part of the river (Trebež village) impacted by the activity of fertilizer factory. Water from the Ilova and Maslenjača villages was of good quality, whereas COD, nitrates and phosphates exceeded the good quality levels in Trebež village. Trace and macroelement concentrations in water were mostly below thresholds set by environmental quality standards at all locations, but levels of Al, As, Cd and Ni were few times higher in Trebež village than at other locations. Metal contamination assessment of sediments (trace and macroelement concentrations, contamination and enrichment factor, pollution load index) confirmed deteriorated environmental quality in Trebež village.