erforderlich. Dennoch wurde die Simulation von den Versuchsteilnehmern sehr geschätzt und sie mag die in der Praxis oft angetroffenen Beschränkungen der Trainingsmöglichkeiten oder die unbefriedigende Standardisierung der Messung des Trainingserfolgs lindern.Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are serious orthopaedic complications that pose marked burdens to both patients and health care systems. At our institution, two-stage exchange with a temporary short antibiotic cement-coated intramedullary nail was utilized for the treatment of repeat PJIs in a series of compromised patients with considerable bone loss. This study reports on (1) success rates, (2) functional and pain outcomes, (3) and complications for patients receiving a temporary short intramedullary nail for the treatment of PJI. Our institutional database was queried for all repeat knee PJI patients between March 1st, 2009 and February 28th, 2015. Patients with type II/III Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute (AORI) bone defects who underwent two-stage exchange arthroplasty with a short antibiotic-coated intramedullary nail were included for analysis (n = 31). Treatment success was determined using the Delphi-based consensus definition of a successfully trputation or permanent arthrodesis. However, this method does not outperform other treatment modalities, and may not be suitable for all patients. Patient expectations and health status should be carefully assessed to determine if this procedure is appropriate in this complex patient population. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Many methods have been described, including pullout suture technique, for arthroscopic fixation of displaced tibial eminence fracture. We are describing our technique of pullout suture, which is a modification of previously described techniques. We passed two sutures arthroscopically through anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) just above the avulsed fragment and then pulled them out through medial and lateral bone tunnel in anterior aspect of crater in tibial plateau. The third suture passed through ACL was pulled out anteriorly under the transverse intermeniscal ligament through a submeniscal route. All sutures were tied under tension to a screw post placed on the anterior tibia after reducing the avulsed bone fragment. Our technique provides good reduction and even overreduction of the fragment. It also provides good initial fixation strength to work against displacing forces even in small and comminuted bony fragment. This is helpful for achieving adequate stability of knee, complete extension of knee, early rehabilitation, and quicker recovery. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.This study aimed to evaluate whether manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) affect clinical outcome including range of motion (ROM) and patient satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It is hypothesized that MUA improves clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction after primary TKA. This retrospective study analyzed 97 patients who underwent staged bilateral primary TKA. MUA of knee flexion more than 120 degrees was performed a week after index surgery just before operation of the opposite site. The first knees with MUA were classified as the MUA group and the second knees without MUA as the control group. ROM, Knee Society Knee Score, Knee Society Functional Score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) score, and patient satisfaction were assessed. Postoperative flexion was significantly greater in the MUA group during 6 months follow-up (6 weeks 111.6 vs. 99.8 degrees, p  less then  0.001; 3 months 115.9 vs. 110.2 degrees, p = 0.001; 6 months 120.2 vs. 117.0 degrees, p = 0.019). Clinical outcomes also showed similar results with knee flexion during 2 years follow-up. Patient satisfaction was significantly high in the MUA group during 12 months (3 months 80.2 vs. 71.5, p  less then  0.001; 6 months 85.8 vs. 79.8, p  less then  0.001; 12 months 86.1 vs. 83.9, p  less then  0.001; 24 months 86.6 vs. 85.5, p = 0.013). MUA yielded improvement of clinical outcomes including ROM, and patient satisfaction, especially in the early period after TKA. MUA in the first knee could be taken into account to obtain early recovery and to improve patient satisfaction in staged bilateral TKA. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.The study aimed to investigate the effects of postoperative position of knee on blood loss and functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We enrolled patients who underwent TKA from 2017 to 2019 in our department with osteoarthritis of the knee in this prospective and randomized study. The patients were randomly allocated to flexion or extension group. In the flexion group, the affected leg was elevated by 30 degrees at the hip and the knee was flexed by 30-degree, postoperatively, while in the extension group, the affected knee was fully extended postoperatively. Patients' data related to postoperative blood loss, Hospital for Special Surgery scores, pain intensity, usage of analgesic drugs, circumference of knee, and range of motion (ROM) of knee were recorded to assess the influence of postoperative leg position on clinical outcomes. Although the transfusion rate was similar between the two groups (p > 0.05), other parameters related to blood loss (including total blood loss, hidden blood loss, usage of analgesic drugs, and postoperative circumference of knee) were significantly lower in the flexion group than those in the extension group (p  0.05). Elevation of the hip by knee flexion of 30 degrees is an effective and simple method to reduce blood loss after TKA, and contributes to reduction of the dosage of analgesic drugs in the early postoperative period. The routine application of the present protocol also did not increase medical costs and length of hospital stay after TKA. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection occurring during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery. This case report describes successful treatment of preterm labor during acute COVID-19 infection. https://www.selleckchem.com/GSK-3.html Standard treatment for preterm labor may allow patients with acute COVID-19 infection to recover without the need for preterm delivery. KEY POINTS · Acute COVID-19 infection is associated with a high rate of preterm delivery.. · Standard treatment for preterm labor such as intravenous magnesium sulfate, antepartum steroid therapy and antibiotic prophylaxis for group B streptococcus infection were effective in this patient.. · In the absence of maternal or fetal compromise, acute COVID-19 infection is not an indication for early elective delivery.. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.