Doxorubicin (DOX) is commonly used as an anti-cancer agent. However, its severe cardiotoxicity often makes it life threatening even long after DOX therapy during childhood. We recently reported interferon-γ (IFN-γ) necessary for DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity in a p38 dependent way and, asked here for the potential of IFN-γ blockade to prevent DOX-induced chronic cardiotoxicity during tumor therapy. In our model system, mice without or with growing tumors repeatedly received DOX treatment. Simultaneous injection of anti-IFN-γ antibody R46-A2 with DOX to block IFN-γ signal efficiently protected the cardiac function of DOX treated recipients. Importantly, a single late injection of R46-A2 after DOX exposure also ameliorated DOX induced cardiac dysfunction in tumor-bearing mice. The anti-IFN-γ treatment did not affect the DOX-mediated tumor suppression effect and it left the main cellular immune response intact. Therefore, temporary blockade of IFN-γ may represent a novel strategy to ameliorate established DOX induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) or prevent its development in tumor therapy.Given the speed of viral infection spread, repurposing of existing drugs has been given the highest priority in combating the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Only drugs that are already registered or close to registration, and therefore have passed lengthy safety assessments, have a chance to be tested in clinical trials and reach patients quickly enough to help in the current disease outbreak. Here, we have reviewed available evidence and possible ways forward to identify already existing pharmaceuticals displaying modest broad-spectrum antiviral activity which is likely linked to their high accumulation in cells. Several well studied examples indicate that these drugs accumulate in lysosomes, endosomes and biological membranes in general, and thereby interfere with endosomal pathway and intracellular membrane trafficking crucial for viral infection. With the aim to identify other lysosomotropic drugs with possible inherent antiviral activity, we have applied a set of clear physicochemical, pharmacokinetic and molecular criteria on 530 existing drugs. In addition to publicly available data, we have also used our in silico model for the prediction of accumulation in lysosomes and endosomes. By this approach we have identified 36 compounds with possible antiviral effects, also against coronaviruses. For 14 of them evidence of broad-spectrum antiviral activity has already been reported, adding support to the value of this approach. Presented pros and cons, knowledge gaps and methods to identify lysosomotropic antivirals, can help in the evaluation of many drugs currently in clinical trials considered for repurposing to target COVID-19, as well as open doors to finding more potent and safer alternatives.The risk of blue light exposure to human health has attracted increased research attention. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/py-60.html Blue light, with relatively high energy, can cause irreversible photochemical damage to eye tissue. Excessive exposure of the eye to blue light tends to cause a series of alterations, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial apoptosis, inflammatory apoptosis, mitochondrial apoptosis and DNA damage, resulting in the development of dry eye disease, glaucoma, and keratitis. Accordingly, physical protection, chemical and pharmaceutical protective measures, gene therapy, and other methods are widely used in the clinical treatment of blue light hazard. We reviewed the studies on possible blue light-induced signaling pathways and mechanisms in the eye and summarized the therapeutic approaches to addressing blue light hazard.Chemotherapy is one of the main therapeutic strategies used for gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas (GTAs), but resistance to anticancer drugs is a substantial obstacle in successful chemotherapy. Accumulating evidence shows that non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), can affect the drug resistance of tumor cells by forming a ceRNA regulatory network with mRNAs. The efficiency of the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) network can be affected by the number and integrality of miRNA recognition elements (MREs). Dynamic factors such as RNA editing, alternative splicing, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), RNA-binding proteins and RNA secondary structure can influence the MRE activity, which may in turn be involved in the regulation of chemoresistance-associated ceRNA network by prospective approaches. Besides activities in a single tumor cell, the components of the tumor micoenvironment (TME) also affect the ceRNA network by regulating the expression of non-coding RNA directly or indirectly. The alternation of the ceRNA network often has an impact on the malignant phenotype of tumor including chemoresistance. In this review, we focused on how MRE-associated dynamic factors and components of TME affected the ceRNA network and speculated the potential association of ceRNA network with chemoresistance. We also summarized the ceRNA network of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs which efficiently triggers chemoresistance in the specific types of GTAs and analyzed the role of each RNA as a "promoter" or "suppressor" of chemoresistance. Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) catalyzes the essential step in the formation of all four deoxynucleotides. Upregulated activity of RR plays an active role in tumor progression. As the regulatory subunit of RR, ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) is regarded as one of the effective therapeutic targets for DNA replication-dependent diseases, such as cancers. Recent studies have revealed that osalmid significantly inhibits the activity of RRM2, but the metabolic profile of osalmid remains unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the metabolic profile including metabolites, isoenzymes and metabolic pathways of osalmid. The anti-human hepatocellular carcinoma activity and mechanism of metabolites were further investigated. Ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was used for identifying metabolites and for characterizing phase I and phase II metabolic pathways with recombinant enzymes or in human liver microsomes of osalmid. The eHiTS docking system was used for potential RRM2 inhibitor screening among metabolites.