To develop a statistically rigorous, hour-specific bilirubin nomogram for newborns based on a very large data set; and use it prospectively as a replacement for the 1999 Bhutani nomogram. This was a retrospective analysis of first total serum bilirubin (TSB) measurements from 15years of universal bilirubin screening during birth hospitalizations at 20 Intermountain Healthcare hospitals. Hour-specific TSB values were assembled into a nomogram by percentile, and subgroups were compared. The information obtained included robust data in the first 12hours after birth (which was not included in the 1999 nomogram), general agreement with the 1999 nomogram for values in the first 60hours, but higher 75th and 95th percentile TSB values thereafter in the new version, no difference in TSB between male and female infants, higher TSB values among earlier gestation neonates (35 -36 weeks vs ≥37weeks, P<.0001), and lower TSB values in neonates of Black race (P<.0001) and higher values in neonates of Asian race (P<.001). An updated and more informative Bhutani neonatal bilirubin nomogram, based on 140 times the number of subjects included the 1999 version, is now in place in our health care system. An updated and more informative Bhutani neonatal bilirubin nomogram, based on 140 times the number of subjects included the 1999 version, is now in place in our health care system.Untreated congenital toxoplasmosis remains an important cause of neurologic and ocular disease worldwide. However, congenitally infected infants may not have signs and symptoms their physicians recognize, leading to delayed diagnosis and missed opportunities for treatment. We describe a pair of twins diagnosed with congenital toxoplasmosis at 11 months of age following incidental detection of leukocoria in one twin. To compare mortality and early respiratory outcomes of very preterm infants conceived via assisted reproductive technology (ART) vs spontaneously. We identified inborn infants (July 2014-July 2019) with gestational age <32weeks (n=439); 54 cases were ART conceived. Spontaneously conceived controls (n=103) were matched by multiple gestation status and gestational age. Primary outcome was 1-year mortality. Secondary outcomes were receipt of respiratory support and supplemental oxygen at 7 and 28days and 36weeks of postmenstrual age. We evaluated the association between conception method and outcomes by logistic regression, with adjustment for sociodemographic status. Women who conceived via ART had increased rates of prepregnancy and gestational diabetes, and no differences in rates of hypertensive disorders. Infant 1-year mortality was not different by mode of conception (ART 11.8% vs spontaneous 7.1%, P=.49). Infants conceived by ART were less likely to receive respiratory support or supplemental oxygen at all time points, but this relationship only reached significance for receipt of oxygen at 28days (ART 20.8% vs spontaneous 39.0%, P=.03); this remained true after adjustment for race/ethnicity and socioeconomic index. When controlling for gestational age and multiple gestation status, very preterm infants conceived following ART had similar outcomes as those conceived spontaneously. When controlling for gestational age and multiple gestation status, very preterm infants conceived following ART had similar outcomes as those conceived spontaneously. To evaluate the efficacy of topical mupirocin in reducing Staphylococcus aureus colonization in infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial of mupirocin vs placebo in S aureus-colonized infants was conducted in a tertiary care NICU between October 2016 and December 2019. Weekly universal active surveillance with polymerase chain reaction screening identified colonized infants. Colonized infants received a 5-day course of mupirocin (mupirocin group) or petroleum jelly (control group). Repeat courses were given for additional positive screens. A total of 216 infants were enrolled; 205 were included in data analyses. Primary decolonization was more successful for mupirocin-treated infants (86 of 104 [83%]) than for controls (20 of 101; 20%) (P<.001). Although recurrent S aureus colonization occurred frequently (59 of 81 [73%] mupirocin-treated and 26 of 33 [79%] controls), subsequent decolonization remained more successful for mupirocin-treated infants than for controls (38 of 49 [78%] vs 2 of 21 [10%]; P<.001). Subgroup analyses of infants of ≤30weeks' gestational age yielded similar results; decolonization occurred more often in mupirocin-treated infants compared with control infants (63 of 76 [83%] vs 13 of 74 [18%]; P<.001). Bacterial sterile site infections tended to be less frequent in mupirocin-treated infants compared with controls (2 of 104 [2%] vs 8 of 101 [8%]; P=.057). No invasive S aureus infections occurred in mupirocin-treated infants, but 50% of infections in controls were from S aureus, and 1 resulted in death. Universal active surveillance and targeted treatment with topical mupirocin is a successful decolonization strategy for NICU infants and may prevent S aureus infection. However, S aureus colonization frequently recurs, necessitating repeat treatment. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02967432. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02967432. To assess whether early pregnancy HbA can predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse birth outcomes in Australian women. Prospective study of 466 women without diabetes, aged ≥16-years at first antenatal presentation. Recruitment was from 27 primary healthcare sites in rural and remote Australia from 9-January 2015 to 31-May 2018. HbA was measured with first antenatal investigations (<20-weeks gestation). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/indy.html Primary outcome measure was predictive value of HbA for GDM, by routine 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; ≥24-weeks gestation), and for large-for-gestational-age (LGA) newborn. Of 396 (129 Aboriginal) women with routine OGTT, 28.8% had GDM (24.0% Aboriginal). HbA ≥5.6% (≥38mmol/mol) was highly predictive (71.4%, 95% CI; 47.8-88.7%) for GDM in Aboriginal women, and in the total cohort increased risk for LGA newborn (RR 2.04, 95% CI; 1.03-4.01, P=0.040). There were clear differences between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women 16.3% v 5.2% (P<0.001) had elevated HbA whereas 12.