The diversity indices and composition at phylum level of the gut microbiota showed little change. However, the operational taxonomic units in the gut decreased in the presence of norfloxacin. The relative abundance of Wolbachia, the predominant bacterial genus in the gut, decreased significantly with increasing soil norfloxacin concentration. Wolbachia may therefore be a promising bioindicator in the assessment of norfloxacin pollution of soils at environmental concentrations.A link between microbial life history strategies and soil organic carbon storage in agroecosystems is presumed, but largely unexplored at the gene level. We aimed to elucidate whether and how differential organic material amendments (manure versus peat-vermiculite) affect, relative to sole chemical fertilizer application, the link between microbial life history strategies and soil organic carbon storage in a wheat-maize rotation field experiment. To achieve this goal, we combined bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS amplicon sequencing, metagenomics and the assembly of genomes. Fertilizer treatments had a significantly greater effect on microbial community composition than aggregate size, with soil available phosphorus and potassium being the most important community-shaping factors. Limitation in labile carbon was linked to a K-selected oligotrophic life history strategy (Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria) under sole chemical fertilizer application; defined by a significant enrichment of genes involved in resource acquisition, polymer hydrolysis, and competition. By contrast, excess of labile carbon promoted an r-selected copiotrophic life history strategy (Cytophagales, Bacillales, Mortierellomycota) under manure treatment; defined by a significant enrichment of genes involved in cellular growth. A distinct life history strategy was not observed under peat-vermiculite treatment, but rather a mix of both K-selected (Acidobacteria) and r-selected (Actinobacteria, Mortierellomycota) microorganisms. Compared to sole chemical fertilizer application, soil organic carbon storage efficiency was significantly increased by 26.5% and 50.0% under manure and peat-vermiculite treatments, respectively. Taken together, our results highlight the importance of organic material amendments, but in particular a one-time peat-vermiculite application, to promote soil organic carbon storage as a potential management strategy for sustainable agriculture.Genetic mechanisms of species local adaptation are an emerging topic of great interest in evolutionary biology and molecular ecology. In this study, we compared the changes of physiological and phenotypic indexes and gene expression of four weeping forsythia populations under cold stress through a common garden experiment. Physiological and phenotypic results showed that there were differences in cold tolerance among populations. cold tolerance of high the latitude population (HBWZ) was the strongest, followed by the middle latitude population (SXWL), while the low latitude populations (SXHM) and (SXLJ) expressed the weakest cold tolerance. We identified significant differences in gene expression of cold tolerance related pathways and ontologies, including genes of oxylipin and isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthetic process, galactose, tyrosine and unsaturated fatty acids metabolism, among these populations under the same experimental temperature treatments. Even under the same degree of stress, there were notable differences in gene expression among natural populations. In this study, we present a working model of weeping forsythia populations which evolved in the context of different intensities of cold stress. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/emricasan-idn-6556-pf-03491390.html Our study provides new insights for comprehending the genetic mechanisms of local adaptation for non-model species.The Coffea arabica HB12 gene (CaHB12), which encodes a transcription factor belonging to the HD-Zip I subfamily, is upregulated under drought, and its constitutive overexpression (35SCaHB12OX) improves the Arabidopsis thaliana tolerance to drought and salinity stresses. Herein, we generated transgenic cotton events constitutively overexpressing the CaHB12 gene, characterized these events based on their increased tolerance to water deficit, and exploited the gene expression level from the CaHB12 network. The segregating events Ev8.29.1, Ev8.90.1, and Ev23.36.1 showed higher photosynthetic yield and higher water use efficiency under severe water deficit and permanent wilting point conditions compared to wild-type plants. Under well-irrigated conditions, these three promising transformed events showed an equivalent level of Abscisic acid (ABA) and decreased Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) accumulation, and a higher putrescine/(spermidine + spermine) ratio in leaf tissues was found in the progenies of at least two transgenic cotton events compared to non-transgenic plants. In addition, genes that are considered as modulated in the A. thaliana 35SCaHB12OX line were also shown to be modulated in several transgenic cotton events maintained under field capacity conditions. The upregulation of GhPP2C and GhSnRK2 in transgenic cotton events maintained under permanent wilting point conditions suggested that CaHB12 might act enhancing the ABA-dependent pathway. All these data confirmed that CaHB12 overexpression improved the tolerance to water deficit, and the transcriptional modulation of genes related to the ABA signaling pathway or downstream genes might enhance the defense responses to drought. The observed decrease in IAA levels indicates that CaHB12 overexpression can prevent leaf abscission in plants under or after stress. Thus, our findings provide new insights on CaHB12 gene and identify several promising cotton events for conducting field trials on water deficit tolerance and agronomic performance.The use of nanofertilizers is a promising method for enhancing plant productivity and mitigating environmental pollution. The aim of this study was to show the silicon nanoparticles (Si-NPs) effects on growth, water content, phenolic and flavonoid content, and essential oil (EO) profile in aerial parts of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) in cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil. The pot experiment was conducted with Cd concentration (0, 10, and 20 mg Cd kg-1 soil) and foliar application of Si-NPs (0, 0.75, 1.5 and 2.25 mM of SiO2). The results revealed severe Cd stress (20 mg Cd kg-1 soil) significantly decreased root and shoot weight, relative water content (RWC) but increased Cd accumulation in roots and shoots and proline concentration. Moderate Cd level (10 mg Cd kg-1 soil) improved total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and EO content. Under Cd stress, the 1.5 or 2.25 mM Si-NPs were highly effective concentrations to improve the growth and EO yield. The main EO constitutes were carvacrol (43.