The majority of victims of cyberbullying are also victims of traditional bullying, meaning cyberbullying creates very few additional victims. Overall, adverse mental health outcomes due to bullying in childhood most severely impact on bully-victims. Bullying prevention is vital for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, with whole-school cooperative learning interventions having the strongest evidence base for successful outcomes. Clear management and referral pathways for health professionals dealing with childhood bullying are lacking in both primary and secondary care, although specialist services are available locally and online. Blindness from retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in middle-income countries is generally due to absence of screening or inadequate screening. The objective of this study was to assess uptake of services in an ROP programme in four district-level special newborn care units in India. Cross-sectional study. All four neonatal units of a state in India where model programme for ROP had been introduced. Infants eligible for screening and treatment of ROP between March and May 2017. Data on sex, birth weight and gestational age of eligible infants were collected and medical records reviewed for follow-up. Proportion of eligible infants screened and for those screened, age at first screening, completion of screening, diagnosis and treatment received if indicated. The characteristics of infants screened and not screened were compared. 137 (18%) of the 751 infants eligible for screening were screened at least once, with no statistically significant difference by sex. The mean birth weight and gestational age of those screened were significantly lower than those not screened. Among those screened, 43% underwent first screening later than recommended and 44% had incomplete follow-up. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cpi-613.html Fourteen infants (11% of those screened) were diagnosed with ROP. Five were advised laser treatment and all complied. Uptake, completion and timing of first screening was suboptimal. Some planned interventions including training of nursing staff, use of integrated data-management software and providing material for parent counselling, which have been initiated, need to be fully implemented to improve uptake of ROP screening services. Uptake, completion and timing of first screening was suboptimal. Some planned interventions including training of nursing staff, use of integrated data-management software and providing material for parent counselling, which have been initiated, need to be fully implemented to improve uptake of ROP screening services. To compare the visual outcomes between macula-on and macula-off primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) based on the duration of macular detachment (DMD). Retrospective study including 96 eyes with RRD (34 macula-on and 62 macula-off) repaired between June 2012 and March 2020. The final visual acuity (VA) was compared after the patients were divided by the status of the macula and their DMD. The mean final VA of patients with macula-on RRD (group A) was logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) 0.04±0.07, which was not statistically different from that of individuals with macula-off RRD with DMD ≤3 days (group B; logMAR 0.05±0.06) (p=0.79). There were statistically significant differences in the final VA between group A and patients with macula-off RRD with DMD of 4-7 days (group C; logMAR 0.15±0.15) (p=0.017) as well as between group A and those with macula-off RRD with DMD ≥8 days (group D; logMAR 0.36±0.29) (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the final VA between group B and C (p=0.33). The mean final VA of patients with macula-on RRD was comparable to that of the macula-off patients with DMD ≤3 days. Our findings suggest that if macula-on RRD could not be immediately repaired, a repair within 72 hours may result in similar outcomes, even if the macula detaches within that time frame. However, once the macula detaches, we do not observe statistically significant differences in outcome for repairs done within 7 days. The mean final VA of patients with macula-on RRD was comparable to that of the macula-off patients with DMD ≤3 days. Our findings suggest that if macula-on RRD could not be immediately repaired, a repair within 72 hours may result in similar outcomes, even if the macula detaches within that time frame. However, once the macula detaches, we do not observe statistically significant differences in outcome for repairs done within 7 days.Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) has been established as an effective treatment to lower intraocular pressure in people with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. The procedure is typically within the remit of ophthalmologists; however, there is potential to upskill optometrists and other healthcare professionals (HCPs) to deliver the treatment. We conducted a scoping review to identify the current global landscape of HCP-delivered SLT and describe training features, clinical effectiveness and safety. Relevant articles were identified through online database searches and grey literature sources. Four articles were selected for full inclusion. This review identified training programmes for optometrist-delivered SLT in the UK and the USA. The findings indicate that more research is needed to clarify training requirements and clinical effectiveness.Current methods of genotyping small insertion/deletion (indel) mutations are costly, laborious, and can be unreliable. To address this, we have developed a method for small indel genotyping in a single polymerase chain reaction, with wild-type, heterozygous and mutant alleles distinguishable by band pattern in routine agarose gel electrophoresis. We demonstrate this method with multiple genes to distinguish 10 bp, 4 bp and even 1 bp deletions from the wild type. Through systematic testing of numerous primer designs, we also propose guidelines for genotyping small indel mutations. Our method provides a convenient approach to genotyping small indels derived from clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-mediated gene editing, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea induced mutagenesis or diagnosis of naturally occurring polymorphisms/mutations.