The accurate identification of unknown illegal additive compounds in complex health foods continues to be a challenging task in routine analysis, because massive false positive results can be screened with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry-based untargeted techniques and must be manually filtered out. To address this problem, we developed a chemometric-based strategy, in which data analysis was first performed by using XCMS, MS-DIAL, Mzmine2, and AntDAS2, to select those that provided acceptable results to extract common features (CFs), which can be detected by all of the selected methods. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/peg300.html Then, CFs whose contents were significantly higher in the suspected illegal additive group were screened. Isotopic, adduct, and neutral loss ions were marked based on the CFs by using a new adaptive ion annotation algorithm. Fragment ions originating from the same compound were identified by using a novel fragment ion identification algorithm. Finally, a respective mass spectrum was constructed for each screened compound to benefit compound identification. The developed strategy was confirmed by using a complex Chinese health food, Goujiya tea. The features of all illegal additive compounds were precisely screened by the developed strategy, and massive false positive features from the current data analysis method were greatly reduced. The constructed respective mass spectra can benefit compound identification and avoid the risk of identifying ions from the same illegal compound as different compounds. Moreover, unknown compounds that are contained in an illegal compound library can be screened.The Liwu copper-zinc mining area has a complex topographical environment. Using traditional prospecting methods, it is difficult and costly to carry out traditional prospecting research on a large scale. This study used portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry and hyperspectral imaging for analysing rock samples in the B2 ore body of the Liwu copper-zinc deposit. The hyperspectral imaging data and the measured indoor spectral characteristic curve of the same lithological rock have a certain similarity. The absorption or reflection characteristics in the same waveband were similar. The main elements were Cu and Zn in the ore body, Pb which was obviously brought out, and Cd, Sn and Sb which were brought in. It is believed that the mass migration of Cd, Sn, Sb and Pb elements plays an important role in the precipitation and enrichment of Cu and Zn elements. This method can be used to quickly determine element migration. The combination of the two analytical methods of pXRF and hyperspectral analysis, the low requirements of the work site and the fast and efficient characteristics, mean this method has unique advantages in analysing and monitoring environmental pollution, rock and mineral analysing and prospecting.Mitochondria are important organelles in cells, which play an important role in metabolism and many other vital biological events. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) is a significant biological parameter participating in various procedures. However, fluorescent probes for monitoring MMP are rarely reported, which greatly limited the related studies. Herein, we present the rational design, synthesis, and living cell imaging studies of a fluorescent probe REP for monitoring MMP changes based on organic cationic fluorophores. In live cells with high MMP levels, REP can exclusively light up mitochondria with intense fluorescence. Upon the loss of MMP, the emission of intracellular REP evidently decreased. The reversible changes in MMP have been successfully monitored by REP, and the oxidative damages to live cells have been detected with the probe. The probe is expected to serve as a desired tool in studying MMP and related areas.In this work, cystine-glucose Maillard conjugates were composited with Cu1.8S microspheres (Cu1.8S-cgmc) to achieve higher sensitivity for the colorimetric analysis. Enhanced peroxidase-like activity was obtained in Cu1.8S-cgmc with a carbon elemental ratio of 1.83% compared to bare Cu1.8S. The catalytic activity of Cu1.8S-cgmc followed Michaelis-Menten kinetic behavior. The Michaelis-Menten constants of Cu1.8S-cgmc on the substrate was over 2-fold lower than that of the bare Cu1.8S, indicating the higher affinity of Cu1.8S-cgmc. The adsorption equilibrium constant of Cu1.8S-cgmc on the substrate was 9.89-fold higher than that of bare Cu1.8S based on thermodynamic investigations. The conjugated structure and carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino groups on Cu1.8S-cgmc improved its hydrophilicity and adsorption on the substrate. The affinity-improved Cu1.8S-cgmc was applied as a peroxidase mimic in colorimetric detection with promoted sensitivity. Compared to bare Cu1.8S, Cu1.8S-cgmc had a 25.5-fold and 19.8-fold lower LOD for H2O2 and glutathione, respectively. The Cu1.8S-cgmc-based colorimetric method showed excellent sensitivity and accuracy in practical colorimetric detection.Microplastics are an environmental issue of global concern. Although they have been found in a range of environments worldwide, their contamination in the terrestrial environment is poorly understood. The lack of standardised methods for their detection and quantification is a major obstacle for determining the risk they pose to soil environments. Here we present a systematic comparison of microplastic extraction methods from soils, taking into account the characteristics of the soil medium to determine the best methods for quantification. The efficiency of organic matter removal using hydrogen peroxide, potassium hydroxide and Fenton's reagent was measured. Soils with a range of particle size distribution and organic matter content were spiked with a variety of microplastic types. Density separation methods using sodium chloride, zinc chloride and canola oil were tested. Recovery efficiencies were calculated and the impact of the reagents on the microplastics was quantified using Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Fourier Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The optimal organic removal method was found to be hydrogen peroxide. The recovery efficiency of microplastics was variable across polymer types. Overall, canola oil was shown to be the optimal method for density separation, however, efficiency was dependent on the amount of organic matter in the soil. This outcome highlights the importance of including matrix-specific calibration in future studies considering a wide range of microplastic types, to avoid underestimation of microplastic contamination. We show here that methods for extracting microplastics from soils can be simple, cost-effective and widely applicable, which will enable the advancement of microplastic research in terrestrial environments.