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You know the price of gas is high when you settle for the closest station because it's not worth wasting precious gas to drive around looking for a better price. Rising prices and the fear of reaching peak oil cause people to question whether we're entering -- or are in the midst of -- an oil crisis. Environmental activists, who want to reduce the output of greenhouse gases from fossil-fueled power plants, see an upside to this situation, however. As more people call on companies and governments to solve or prevent an impending crisis, environmentalists get a chance to promote and fund clean, renewable energy. Stephen Salter, a professor at the University of Edinburgh in the U.K. He began working with a group to develop a device that would efficiently convert the power of ocean waves into usable electricity. Waves occur when water absorbs the energy of winds and condenses that energy into an extremely powerful, reliable force. The difficulty comes with trying to harness this immense energy.

The group came up with a mechanism known as Salter's Duck (or the Edinburgh Duck), which they thought could reduce the country's dependence on oil. Certainly, the idea behind Salter's Duck achieved everyone's highest expectations about the potential of using wave energy. But did it ever came into fruition? Keep reading to find out. Mo­re recently, Salter started work on another kind of duck device that would desalinate, or de-salt, seawater. As it bobs, it pressurizes the atmosphere inside, which lowers the boiling point of water. Heating this water will then turn it to steam, ridding it of salt. But in the 1970s, when alternative energy was gaining a lot of hype, it was the most exciting possibility. Since then, some companies have successfully implemented other WECs, like the farm of Pelamis devices (consisting of a series of floating cylindrical devices that drive generators) off Portugal. But compared to Salter's Duck, these modern devices are relatively inefficient. The Duck falls under a class of WECs known as terminators.

Terminators are oriented perpendicular to the direction of the wave. The nose of the teardrop faces incoming waves and bobs as they pass. Essentially, this involves a transfer, or "capture," of the wave's energy. In theory, this bobbing action would capture as **** as 90 percent of the wave's massive energy, and uses that energy to keep pistons running. The pistons in turn pressurize hydraulic oil. The system would theoretically use 90 percent of the captured energy. This high efficiency makes the Duck the Holy Grail of WECs. Salter and his team tested the Duck in special tanks, using a wave maker. Before they were able to test the Duck at sea, they estimated that they were close to a Duck that would produce electricity at a cost cheap enough to compete with other energy sources. After the embargo ended, the interest in renewable energy didn't fade completely. Salter and his group had to compete for grants against other renewable energies, such as nuclear power.

In the end, nuclear power seemed more economically feasible to the panel that awarded grants. Salter's group lost funding in the early 1980s, before it got a chance to test the mechanism in the ocean, which would have cost a pretty penny. Had Salter's group continued to secure funding, perhaps the Duck would be implemented today, powering a portion of the world's energy. It's hard to say whether the Duck alone could have solved the oil crisis, however. When it comes to renewable energy, getting the price low enough to compete with fossil fuels and nuclear power is really what determines its success. And, because it never got to sea for ****-needed testing, we can't say with certainty how cheap its electricity would have been. Also, even if the Duck succeeded, some argue that only areas of the world hit with powerful waves could use it. So, although it might solve an oil crisis in Scotland, which is pummeled with large waves on its coasts, it might not solve it in the U.S., where only a limited amount of coastline receives powerful waves. On the next page, you'll find links to more articles on alternative energy and the ocean. AP. "Push mowers gain value as gas prices rise." Chicago Sun-Times. GreenLeft. "The untimely death of Salter's Duck." GreenLeft Online. Halber, Deborah. "Seventies oil crisis was a 'perfect storm' for U.S." MIT Tech Talk. St­uart, Nathan. "Wave master." Engineer.

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