Development of noble-metal-free photocatalysts for efficient H2 production from sunlight-driven water-splitting has aroused great interest in recent years. Herein, unique Cd0.5Zn0.5S@ZnS core-shell nano-spheres decorated with Ni2P and g-C3N4 cocatalysts were prepared for the first time, and they are highly active and stable toward the visible-light-driven (λ > 420 nm) H2 evolution reaction (HER). Noticeably, the optimized Cd0.5Zn0.5S@ZnS-Ni2P/g-C3N4 with 50 wt% ZnS, 3 wt% Ni2P, and 8 wt% g-C3N4 (CZ0.5S@50ZS-3N/8CN) exhibits a superior HER activity of 55.43 mmol·g-1·h-1, approximately 25 and 18 times higher than those of CZ0.5S@50ZS and Pt-decorated CZ0.5S@50ZS (CZ0.5S@50ZS-Pt), respectively. Meanwhile, the corresponding apparent quantum yield (AQY) at 420 nm is as high as 21%. It is revealed that the protective ZnS shell on the CZ0.5S core enhances the photo-stability of the hybrid significantly. Moreover, the synergistic effect of the Ni2P and g-C3N4 cocatalysts leads to the effective transfer and separation of charge carriers. The results presented in this work may pave the way for the ingenious design and fabrication of highly active nano-structures for sufficient solar utilization.Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that has serious harmful effects on human health. Lactobacillus rhamnosus, a probiotic, has a strong colonization and adhesion effect and improves the intestinal health of the host. Inulin has good anti-inflammatory effects and can promote the proliferation of beneficial intestinal bacteria. The purpose of this study was to investigate the alleviating effects of L. rhamnosus 1.0320 in combination with inulin on UC, examining the resulting changes in intestinal flora. A UC model was established by having mice freely drink a 3% (w/v) dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) solution for seven days. After successful modeling, the mice were given antibiotics, L. rhamnosus 1.0320 by itself, inulin by itself, and L. rhamnosus 1.0320 combined with inulin as an intragastric intervention for 28 days. The abundance and structural changes of bacteria in the intestinal content of mice were analyzed by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. The study found that male BALB/c mice can successfully establish a typical model of small intestinal inflammation by freely drinking a 3% DSS solution for one week. L. rhamnosus 1.0320 combined with inulin can alleviate DSS-induced colitis, reduce the Disease Activity Index (DAI) score of the pathological damage of colon tissue, decrease myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, increase hemoglobin content, and regulate the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10. The intestinal flora of mice is reduced after enteritis, and its structure gets disordered. The combination of L. rhamnosus 1.0320 and inulin can increase the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora, and increase the content of beneficial bacteria. Prebiotics promote the colonization ability of probiotics. L. rhamnosus 1.0320 combined with inulin can change the intestinal flora to relieve ulcerative colitis, providing a new theoretical basis for the study of UC mechanism.Multiferroic materials with multifunctional characteristics play a critical role in the field of microelectronics. In a perovskite oxide, ferroelectric polarization and ferromagnetism usually cannot coexist in a single-phase material at the same time. In this work, we design a superlattice structure composed of alternating BiFeO3 and BiMnO3 layers and illustrate how tuning the supercell size of epitaxial BiFeO3/BiMnO3 superlattices facilitates ferroelectric polarization while maintaining relatively strong ferromagnetism. A comprehensive investigation reveals that the enhanced ferroelectric polarization of BiMnO3 layers originates from the induction effect induced by a strong polarization field generated by the adjacent ferroelectric BiFeO3 layers. For the magnetic behavior, we consider the existence of interfacial antiferromagnetic superexchange interaction of Fe-O-Mn between BiFeO3 and BiMnO3 layers in our superlattices. This modulation effect of artificial superlattices provides a platform to accurately control the multiple order parameters in a multiferroic oxide system.The fast development of protein therapeutics has resulted in a high demand for advanced delivery carriers that can effectively host therapeutic proteins, preserve their bioactivity and release them on demand. Accordingly, vaterite CaCO3 crystals have attracted special attention as sacrificial templates for protein encapsulation in micro- and nanoparticles (capsules and beads, respectively) under mild biofriendly conditions. This study aimed to better understand the mechanism of protein loading into crystals as a primary step for protein encapsulation. The loading of three therapeutic proteins (250 kDa catalase, 5.8 kDa insulin, and 6.5 kDa aprotinin) was investigated for crystals with different porosities. However, unexpectedly, the protein loading capacity was not consistent with the protein molecular weight. It solely depends on the inter-protein interactions in the bulk solution in the presence of crystals and that inside the crystals. The smallest protein aprotinin aggregates in the bulk (its aggregate size is about 100 nm), which prohibits its loading into the crystals. Insulin forms hexamers in the bulk, which can diffuse into the crystal pores but tend to aggregate inside the pores, suppressing protein diffusion inward. Catalase, the largest protein tested, does not form any aggregates in the bulk and diffuses freely into the crystals; however, its diffusion into small pores is sterically restricted. These findings are essential for the encapsulation of protein therapeutics by means of templating based on CaCO3 crystals and for the engineering of protein-containing microparticles having desired architectures.Like platinum-based chemotherapeutics, the anticancer ruthenium complex indazolium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(iii)], or KP1019, damages DNA, induces apoptosis, and causes tumor regression in animal models. Unlike platinum-based drugs, KP1019 showed no dose-limiting toxicity in a phase I clinical trial. Despite these advances, the mechanism(s) and target(s) of KP1019 remain unclear. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/wzb117.html For example, the drug may damage DNA directly or by causing oxidative stress. Likewise, KP1019 binds cytosolic proteins, suggesting DNA is not the sole target. Here we use the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model in a proteomic study of the cellular response to KP1019. Mapping protein level changes onto metabolic pathways revealed patterns consistent with elevated synthesis and/or cycling of the antioxidant glutathione, suggesting KP1019 induces oxidative stress. This result was supported by increased fluorescence of the redox-sensitive dye DCFH-DA and increased KP1019 sensitivity of yeast lacking Yap1, a master regulator of the oxidative stress response.