With patient characteristics and T scores as covariates, an analysis of variance was performed to identify intergroup differences in changes of all outcome measures at T and T . According to the definitions of both the AWGS and EWGSOP, patients with class I and class II sarcopenia exhibited minor changes in TUGT, GS, TCR, and WOMAC-PF at T and T (all  < 0.05), compared with those without sarcopenia. For patients classified as having sarcopenia based on AWGS and EWGSOP definitions, no significant intergroup differences in WOMAC pain score was observed at T or T (all  > 0.05). Sarcopenia independently had negative impacts on the treatment effects of rehabilitation on physical mobility but not on pain outcome after TKR in older adults with KOA. Sarcopenia independently had negative impacts on the treatment effects of rehabilitation on physical mobility but not on pain outcome after TKR in older adults with KOA. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an excess burden of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), which, if left untreated, may significantly impact on clinical outcomes. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of axSpA, including previously undiagnosed cases, in IBD patients from studies involving cross-sectional imaging and identify the IBD features potentially associated with axSpA. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched systematically between 1990 and 2018. Article reference lists and key conference abstract lists from 2012 to 2018 were also reviewed. All abstracts were reviewed by two authors to determine eligibility for inclusion. The study inclusion criteria were (a) adults aged 18 years or above, (b) a clinical diagnosis of IBD and (c) reporting identification of sacroiliitis using cross-sectional imaging. A total of 20 observational studies were identified 12 used CT, 6 used MR and 2 utilised both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Sample sizes ranged ded for IBD assessment to screen for axSpA may help clinicians identify those patients most at risk. This review highlights the need for larger, well-designed studies using more sensitive imaging modalities and multivariable modelling to better estimate the prevalence of axSpA in IBD. An improved knowledge of the IBD phenotype(s) associated with axSpA and use of cross-sectional imaging intended for IBD assessment to screen for axSpA may help clinicians identify those patients most at risk. To investigate whether stroke aetiology affects outcome in patients with acute ischaemic stroke who undergo endovascular therapy. We retrospectively analysed patients from the Bernese Stroke Centre Registry (January 2010-September 2018), with acute large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation due to cardioembolism or large-artery atherosclerosis, treated with endovascular therapy (±intravenous thrombolysis). The study included 850 patients (median age 77.4 years, 49.3% female, 80.1% with cardioembolism). Compared with those with large-artery atherosclerosis, patients with cardioembolism were older, more often female, and more likely to have a history of hypercholesterolaemia, atrial fibrillation, current smoking (each  < 0.0001) and higher median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores on admission (  = 0.030). They were more frequently treated with stent retrievers (  = 0.007), but the median number of stent retriever attempts was lower (  = 0.016) and fewer had permanene pre-stroke were (each ⩽0.027). Stroke aetiology was not an independent predictor of favourable mTICI score shift, but application of stent retriever and no permanent intracranial stent placement were (each ⩽0.044). We suggest prospective studies to further elucidate differences in reperfusion and outcome between patients with cardioembolism and large-artery atherosclerosis. We suggest prospective studies to further elucidate differences in reperfusion and outcome between patients with cardioembolism and large-artery atherosclerosis.Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is a group of immune-related myopathies characterized by progressive proximal muscle weakness, extremely high serum creatine kinase (CK) levels, and necrotic muscle fibers with a relative lack of inflammation. Treatment of IMNM is challenging, with most cases refractory to high-dose steroids in combination with multiple immunotherapies. The role of rituximab (RTX) for IMNM has been explored in isolated case reports and small series. The aim of this article was to perform a literature review of patients with IMNM treated with RTX and to evaluate RTX efficacy and safety. A total of 34 patients with IMNM were reviewed 52.9% (18/34) with anti-signal recognition particle (SRP) antibodies and 47.1% (16/34) with anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) antibodies. Patient age at onset varied from 11 years to 81 years (mean 41 years). The majority of patients presented as a severe proximal muscle weakness and the peak level of CK varied from 3900 IU/L to 56,000 IU/L (mean 18,440 IU/L). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ionomycin.html Prior to RTX administration, all patients were treated with high-dose steroids and most were treated with multiple immunotherapies. The reason for initiating RTX was that 64.7% (22/34) of patients showed no improvement after previous treatments, and 35.3% (12/34) of patients relapsed when attempting to wean steroids or other immunosuppressive agents. With regard to RTX efficacy, 61.8% (21/34) of patients presented a response to RTX. Our data may support the use of RTX as an effective treatment strategy against IMNM resistant to steroids and multiple immunotherapies. Meanwhile, RTX as a first-line therapy could be a choice in IMNM, particularly in African Americans with anti-SRP antibody-positive subsets. ANA, antinuclear antibody; CK, creatine kinase; HMGCR, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase; IMNM, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy; MAC, membrane attack complex; MHC-I, major histocompatibility complex-I; RTX, rituximab; SRP, signal recognition particle. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at significantly increased risk for infection (CDI) with an increased risk of adverse outcomes including increased in-hospital mortality, IBD treatment failure, re-hospitalization, and high CDI recurrence rates. The existing literature on predictors of these adverse outcomes is limited. We evaluated four potentially modifiable novel risk factors [body mass index (BMI), statin use, opioid use, and antidepressant use] on CDI risk and adverse outcomes in these patients. Using a retrospective design, variables were abstracted from records for patients with IBD and CDI from 2008 to 2013. Statistical analysis comprised descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. There were 137 patients with IBD and CDI included in this study. On multivariate analysis controlling for age, 43% of patients in the overweight BMI category had severe or severe, complicated CDI, compared with 22% of patients in the underweight/normal BMI [odds ratio (OR) 2.