To report the phytochemical composition (flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids) and biological activities (antioxidant, phytotoxic, cytotoxic, antifungal activities) of medicinally important plants of Pothohar region. In the current study various qualitative and quantitative phytochemical tests were conducted to investigate the phytochemical composition of plant extracts prepared in benzene, chloroform and methanol. The same extracts were further utilized in different biological activities i.e., antioxidant [total antioxidant capacity, total reducing power, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay], phytotoxicity (Radish seed bioassay), brine shrimp cytotoxicity and antifungal activities (against four pathogenic fungal strains). Phytochemical analysis indicate flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins and terpenoids were present in almost all plants however, maximum amount of total phenolic and flavonoid contents was reported in of Malva parviflora and Lepidium pinnatifidum. Extracts of Malva parviflora and Lepidium pinnatifidum also depicted the superlative antioxidant activity (total antioxidant capacity, total reducing power, and DPPH scavenging activity). Maximum fungal growth inhibition was demonstrated by extracts of Centaurea calcitropa, Vicia sativa and Malva parviflora. The maximum cytotoxicity was shown by the extracts of Centaurea calcitropa. Moreover, for phytotoxicity assay the highest allelopathic potential was exhibited by extracts of Lepidium pinnatifidum. Solvents prejudiced results; the best results were obtained by Methanol followed by Chloroform and Benzene. Centaurea calcitropa, Vicia sativa, Malva parviflora and Lepidium pinnatifidum are most promising medicinal plants of Pothohar region for future studies. Centaurea calcitropa, Vicia sativa, Malva parviflora and Lepidium pinnatifidum are most promising medicinal plants of Pothohar region for future studies. To identify, rapidly and accurately, the chemical composition of the traditional Uighur formulation Baixuan Xiatare (BXXTR-FU). We investigated if application of three-stage infrared (IR) spectroscopy enabled identification of the main chemical constituents (and their origins) in BXXTR-FU. The characteristic peaks of herbal material(s) and BXXTR-FU were assigned. In Fourier transform-IR (FT-IR) spectroscopy of BXXTR-FU, peaks at 1616 and 1605 cm-1 of BXXTR-FU were considered to denote anthraquinones and their derivatives; 1066 cm-1 was regarded as the characteristic absorption peak of resin glycosides. In second-derivative IR (SD-IR) spectroscopy, the main carbonyl types of BXXTR-FU in the range 1743-1636 cm-1 were assigned 1651 cm-1 belonged to the carbonyl stretching vibrations of flavonoids and chromones; 1717 cm-1 belonged to tannins; 1699 cm-1 belonged to carboxylic acids; 1636 cm-1 belonged to anthraquinones and their derivatives. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ars-853.html SD-IR spectroscopy further confirmed that the characteristic absorption peaks at 1636, 1618 and 1603 cm-1 could be used as markers that BXXTR-FU contained anthraquinones and their derivatives. Synchronous 2D-IR correlation spectra of chemical groups further confirmed the results of FT-IR and SD-IR spectroscopy. Our study strongly supported the necessity and importance of three-stage IR spectroscopy owing to its rapid and accurate identification of herbal formulations. Our study strongly supported the necessity and importance of three-stage IR spectroscopy owing to its rapid and accurate identification of herbal formulations. To investigate the clinical effects of Xinkeshu combined with levosimendan on perioperative heart failure in oldest-old patients with hip fractures. Oldest-old patients over 80 years old with perioperative heart failure and hip fractures were randomly divided into the control and observation groups, with 50 patients in each group. All patients in both groups were treated with conventional anti-heart failure therapy and levosimendan, whereas patients in the observation group additionally received Xinkeshu tablets. Clinical manifestations; left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD); left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD); B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels; and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores were compared between before and after treatment to evaluate the curative effects of Xinkeshu combined with levosimendan. After treatment, the efficacy rate was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group. LVEF and the levels of SOD and NO were higher in the observation group than in the control group after treatment. However, LVEDD; LVESD; BNP, MDA, and ET-1 levels; and the SAS and SDS scores were lower after treatment in the observation group than in the control group. Levosimendan combined with Xinkeshu can improve cardiac function, alleviate oxidative stress, and relieve anxiety and depression in oldest-old patients with perioperative heart failure and hip fracture. Levosimendan combined with Xinkeshu can improve cardiac function, alleviate oxidative stress, and relieve anxiety and depression in oldest-old patients with perioperative heart failure and hip fracture. To evaluate the effectiveness of Xiaoyin Jiedu (XYJD) granules in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris (PSV) in patients with a blood-heat pattern (BHP) in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). We also aimed to identify the possible underlying immunological mechanism. Twenty-five PSV patients with BHP and ten normal controls were enrolled from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016. Patients were randomly assigned to either the XYJD group (15 cases) or the placebo group (10 cases), in which patients were treated with XYJD granules or a placebo, respectively. Additionally, albolene was used to relieve skin dryness in these two groups. The psoriasis area and severity indexes, dermatology life quality indexes and itching scores were assessed at the end of the 2nd, 4th and 8th week of treatment. The number of peripheral blood T helper (Th) 9, Th17 and regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the mRNA and protein expression levels of PU.1, RAR-related orphan receptor (ROR)-γt, forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3), interleukin (IL)-9, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-10 in the control and experimental groups were compared before and after treatment.