Pyrolysis of malt bagasse was carried out to obtain simultaneously a mesoporous biochar and an oil fraction rich in palmitic acid. The best result for biochar production was at 500 °C with holding time of 10 min. The yields of biochar and pyrolytic oil in this condition were, 29.7 and 33.9 wt%, respectively. The pyrolysis temperature and holding time influenced the yields of the products. An increase in pyrolysis temperature (from 500 to 700 °C) and holding time (from 10 to 50 min) caused a decrease in biochar yield, a reduction in the volatile matter content and an increase in the amount of ash. Additionally, in the range studied in this work, the increase of the pyrolysis temperature caused a decrease in the specific surface area and total pore volume of the biochar. Meanwhile, the biochar presented interesting functional groups and a mesoporous character, which can be a precursor to obtain adsorbents, or even, be used as adsorbent. The pyrolytic oil was composed of oxygenated aromatic compounds, the main fraction being palmitic acid (27.3%), which can be used in a number of applications, including biodiesel production. This work demonstrated that an available and problematic waste, malt bagasse, can be converted simultaneously into a mesoporous biochar and, into a pyrolytic oil rich in palmitic acid. Biochar and pyrolytic oil, in turn, are products of great value and can be applied in several fields.An efficient process is proposed for recovery of waste LiMn2O4 cathode material, which is one of the most commonly used cathode materials in LIBs. This report constitutes the precipitation thermodynamic analysis and separation experiments based on the water-leaching solutions during the processes of low-temperature calcination with (NH4)2SO4 and water-leaching. Precipitation thermodynamic analysis is undertaken to investigate the effects of initial concentration of the target solution, [N]T1, excess precipitant, and addition of (NH4)2SO4 on the manganese precipitation in the Mn2+-Li+-SO42--NH3-NH4+-CO32--H2O system. Moreover, the effects of initial concentration of the target solution, [N]T2, and excess precipitant on the lithium precipitation in the Li+-SO42--NH3-NH4+-CO32--H2O system are investigated. All these factors clearly influence the manganese and lithium precipitation, particularly the [N]T and the presence of excess precipitant in the system. The precipitation experimental results demonstrate that the optimal conditions are a precipitation temperature of 35 °C; an excess coefficient of the precipitant of 2.4; the use of NHC-3 to precipitate the ML-3 solution; a maximum precipitation percentage of manganese of 99.96%; and an absence of Li2CO3 precipitation. The double-sulfate salts (Li(NH4)SO4 & (NH4)2SO4) evaporated and crystallised from the Li+/NH4+ solution are mixed with the waste LiMn2O4 cathode material for calcination and water leaching, for which the efficiencies of Li and Mn are 100% and 96.89%, respectively. The double-sulfate salts are calcined at 550 °C for 45 min to obtain the Li2SO4 product. Finally, the complete recovery and separation of Mn and Li in the waste LiMn2O4 cathode material are achieved.Due to no specific symptoms and lack of early diagnosis for ovarian cancer, most diagnosed patients are often in the terminal stage resulting that tumor tissue is unable to be resected completely by operation. So postoperative chemotherapy has become an important and indispensable treatment procedure for them. Up to date, it remains a challenge to treat ovarian cancer by an effective chemotherapy strategy. Recently, the strategy of ADDC has been regarded as a highly effective chemotherapy strategy to treat various cancers without any drug carriers. Here a novel ADDC is synthesized by linking a water-soluble antitumor drug floxuridine (Fud) and a water-insoluble antitumor drug chlorambucil (Cb) through the esterification. Then the Fud-Cb conjugate can form stable nanodrugs in water with an average size around 103.0 nm through molecular self-assembly. After internalization of cells, the ester bonds in nanodrugs can be degraded to release free Fud and Cb at a fixed ratio under the intracellular acid conditions, which exhibits the high synergistic effect on ovarian cancer cells. The cytotoxicity test results show that Fud-Cb nanodrugs can efficiently inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer cells. The apoptosis data exhibit that the cell necrotic and apoptotic rate treated with Fud-Cb nanodrugs is about 73.7 % and 18.76 % within 24 h. These results suggest that Fud-Cb nanodrugs based on ADDC strategy can effectively enhance synergistic anticancer efficacy to ovarian cancer.In natural and engineered settings, bacteria predominantly thrive in biofilms, which are complex microbial communities embedded in a self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) matrix. Pellicles are complex macroscopic biofilms floating at air-water interface. Though pellicle formation has been studied in detail in Bacillus subtilis, a soil bacterium, it is not reported in aquatic bacteria, which may use pellicle-growth as survival-strategy. This study shows that Bacillus haynesii isolated from a marine environment forms robust pellicle biofilms at air-water interface. B. haynesii pellicles showed complex architecture, involving dense cell-aggregates with interconnecting thread-like structures in an extracellular matrix. In situ staining by Alcian blue, Concanavalin A and ThioflavinT (ThT), respectively, localized acidic polymers, glycoconjugates and amyloid-like fibers in the pellicle. The pellicle was rigid and not disrupted by common EPS extraction protocols. Hence, a set of reagents and conditions were evaluated for solubilizing the EPS and pellicle. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/avelumab.html Acetic acid was able to effectively solubilize the structural EPS and pellicle structure. Acid soluble structural EPS contained chemical signatures for both proteins and carbohydrates, as revealed by elemental analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy. Ex situ staining of acid soluble EPS by ThT showed recovery of amyloid-forming proteins from pellicle. Results show that structural stability of the pellicle is mainly conferred by amyloid-like fibers of the EPS matrix. The robust pellicle-growth reported here may represent a survival-strategy in the aquatic bacterium. The findings reported here can support future research on biofilm structure, EPS matrix and its formation, which are critical for understanding how microbes thrive in natural and engineered settings.