Analyses from machine learning models of microbiota composition, across the study period, distinguished between affected and nonaffected groups at the time of their initial study visits with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.71 and discriminated ECC-converted from healthy controls at the visit immediately preceding ECC diagnosis with an AUC of 0.89, as assessed by nested cross-validation. Rothia mucilaginosa, Streptococcus sp., and Veillonella parvula were selected as important discriminatory features in all models and represent biomarkers of risk for ECC onset. These findings indicate that oral microbiota as profiled by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing is predictive of ECC onset.Despite unprecedented global wealth creation, health inequity-the unjust health inequality between classes and groups among and within countries-persists, reviving the relevance of social justice as a lens to understand and as an instrument to intervene in these issues. However, the theoretical aspects and polysemous character of social justice as applied in the field of public health are often assumed rather than explicitly explained. An intersectional justice approach to understanding health inequality, inequity, and injustice might be useful. It argues that preexisting class-, race/ethnicity-, and gender-based health injustice and the socially differentiated impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic are shaped, interconnectedly, by economic maldistribution, cultural misrecognition, and political misrepresentation. Pursuing health justice requires analyses, strategies, and interventions that integrate the economic, cultural, and political spheres of redistribution, recognition, and representation, respectively. Such an intersectional approach to health justice is even more relevant and compelling in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. This article is broadly about class, race/ethnicity, and gender political economy of public health-but with a narrower focus on maldistribution, misrecognition, and misrepresentation, shaping social and health injustices.Low energy availability (EA) can impair physiological function in athletes. The purpose of this study was to investigate EA status, metabolic status, and bone metabolism with biochemical analysis in Korean male soccer players. Twelve male athletes (18-20 years) completed the study. Body composition and bone mineral density were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), while VO2 max was determined by an incremental exercise test. Blood samples were taken for bone marker and hormone analyses. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured using the Douglas bag method and predicted using the DXA method. Food diaries and heart rates (HR) during training were recorded, and the Profile of Mood States 2 and Eating Attitude Test 26 were completed. Group differences between low EA (LEA less then 30 kcal/kg FFM/d, n = 5) and high EA (HEA ≥30 kcal/kg FFM/d, n = 7) were evaluated. The mean EA of the all participants was 31.9 ± 9.8 kcal/kg FFM/d with only two participants having an EA above 45 kcal/kg FFM/d. LEA showed suppressed REE (LEA 26.0 ± 1.7 kcal/kg/d, HEA 28.8 ± 1.4 kcal/kg/d, p = .011) with a lower REEratio (LEA 0.91 ± 0.06, HEA 1.01 ± 0.05, p = .008) as well as a lower insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) level (LEA 248.6 ± 51.2 ng/mL, HEA 318.9 ± 43.4 ng/mL, p = .028) compared to HEA. There were no group differences in bone markers or other hormone levels. Korean male athletes exhibited low EA status with suppressed metabolism, but there was limited evidence on the effect of EA on bone metabolism, endocrine system, and psychological parameters. To appraise the quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for physical therapy management of nontraumatic shoulder pain disorders. Systematic review of CPGs. Two reviewers independently conducted a search of 7 databases and 7 gray literature sources. We included systematically developed CPGs for physical therapy management of nontraumatic musculoskeletal conditions of the shoulder in adults that were available in full text in the English language. We excluded CPGs for physical therapy management of surgically treated shoulder pain disorders. Three reviewers independently rated the quality of included CPGs using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument. Data were compiled into tables that displayed AGREE II domain scores for each CPG and mean item scores across the CPGs. We included 9 CPGs. Five CPGs focused on rotator cuff disorders, 2 focused on frozen shoulder, and 2 covered a range of soft tissue shoulder diagnoses. Three CPGs were judged as high quality (all were 5 or more years old) and 6 were judged as low quality. The quality domains in which CPGs were rated highest were "scope and purpose" (all CPGs scored greater than 50% and 4 scored greater than 80%) and "clarity of presentation" (all CPGs scored greater than 50% and 7 scored greater than 80%). The domains in which CPGs were rated most poorly were "applicability" (6 CPGs scored 40% or less) and "editorial independence" (4 CPGs scored less than 40%). There were no high-quality, contemporary CPGs to guide physical therapy management of nontraumatic shoulder pain. . There were no high-quality, contemporary CPGs to guide physical therapy management of nontraumatic shoulder pain. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/GSK872-GSK2399872A.html J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(2)63-71. Epub 25 Dec 2020. doi10.2519/jospt.2021.9397.Implantable ventricular assist devices are used in heart failure therapy. These devices require real-time flow rate estimation for effective mechanical circulatory support. We previously developed a flow rate estimation method using the eccentric position of a magnetically levitated impeller to achieve real-time estimation. However, dynamic motion of the levitated impeller can compromise the method's performance. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of dynamic motion of the levitated impeller on the time resolution and estimation accuracy of the proposed method. The magnetically levitated impeller was axially suspended and radially restricted by the passive stability in a centrifugal blood pump that we developed. The dynamic motions of impeller rotation and whirling were analyzed at various operating conditions to evaluate the reliability of estimation. The vibration response curves of the impeller revealed that the resonant rotational speed was 1300-1400 revolutions per minute (rpm). The blood pump was used as a ventricular assist device with rotational speed (over 1800 rpm) sufficiently higher than the resonant speed.