Aerosol number concentrations below 1000 cm-3 were recorded on extremely clean days. A CCN closure experiment conducted using previous measurement data showed good results, indicating that CCN concentrations can be estimated with good accuracy, and the hygroscopicity over the Yellow Sea was similar to that of aged continental aerosols.Groundwater chemistry can be affected by and related to earthquakes, thus it is crucial to understand the hydrochemical changes and associated processes caused by earthquakes for post-seismic groundwater utilization. Here we reported the major ion concentrations changes of the Ganze Spring in response to the May 30, 2014 Ms 6.1 Yingjiang earthquake, southwest China based on the daily time series (from 1st January 2012 to 20th July 2014) of Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3- concentrations, as well as data of bulk strain and Peak Ground Velocity (PGV) recorded at a nearby station. The results showed that the entire hydrochemical response process can be divided into two stages after the earthquake occurred 1). decline stage which was characterized by an increasingly decline of the three ion concentrations, indicating a gradually significant dilution effect. At first, the relationship of molar concentrations of ions showed no obvious changes; but later as the rate of decrease in ion concentrations increased, the relationship between Ca2+ and HCO3- reversed from Ca2+ excess to HCO3- excess, probably resulting from a relatively decreased Ca2+ contribution from dissolution of gypsum and dolomite due to dilution in mixing water. 2). recover stage when the ion concentrations recovered gradually with relatively lower values than that at pre-earthquake, revealing the reduction of dilute water inflow. In combination with the bulk strain and PGV data, the study suggested that major ion concentrations changes are attributed to dilution effect due to new fracture creation or unclogging/clogging of fractures triggered by the earthquake. The results could enhance the understanding of earthquake induced water chemistry changes and could have implications for water resources management and security in tectonically active areas.Estimating accurately airborne pollutant emissions source information (source strength and location) is important for achieving effective air pollution management or adequate emergency responses to accidents. Inversion method is one of the useful tools to identify the source parameters. The atmospheric dispersion scheme has been proven to be the key to determining the source inversion performance by influencing the accuracy of the dispersion models. Modifying the atmospheric dispersion scheme is an important potential method to improve the inversion performance, but this has not been studied previously. To fill this gap, a novel approach for parameter sensitivity analysis combined with an optimization method was proposed to improve the source inversion performance by optimizing empirical scheme. The dispersion coefficients σy and σz of the typical BRIGGS scheme under different atmospheric dispersion conditions were optimized and used for air pollutant dispersion and source inversion. The results showed that tg of source inversion.Mercury (Hg) concentrations in fishes from the NW Atlantic Ocean pose concern due to the importance of this region to U.S. fisheries harvest. In this study, total Hg (THg) concentrations and nitrogen stable isotope (δ15N) values were quantified in muscle tissues sampled from Golden (Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps) and Blueline (Caulolatilus microps) Tilefish collected during a fishery-independent survey conducted in the NW Atlantic to compare bioaccumulation patterns between these species. Total Hg concentrations averaged (±SD) 0.4 ± 0.4 μg/g dry weight (d.w.) for L. chamaeleonticeps and 1.1 ± 0.7 μg/g d.w. for C. microps with 0.46 μg/g w.w.), when converted to wet weight concentrations. The THg concentrations reported here for individuals from the NW Atlantic stock are comparable to those reported for similarly sized individuals collected from the SW Atlantic stock but notably lower than those reported for Gulf of Mexico L. chamaeleonticeps, indicating different Hg exposure and assimilation kinetics for fish from the NW Atlantic, and highlights the broad geographic variability of Hg bioaccumulation among Tilefish stocks. Caulolatilus microps had higher δ15N values relative to L. chamaeleonticeps and a pattern of decreasing THg concentrations was also present from south to north across the study range. It is concluded that this trophic difference and spatial pattern in Tilefish THg concentrations emphasizes the habitat and resource partitioning mechanisms described for these sympatric species that permits their coexistence in the continental shelf environment. Importantly, regional variability in THg concentrations accentuate the possible roles of fine-scale biotic and abiotic processes that can act to regulate Hg bioaccumulation among individuals and species.Heterosigma akashiwo is a commonly found harmful microalgae, however, there are only few studies on its control using algicidal components particularly those identified from algicidal bacteria. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Elesclomol.html In our previous study, ortho-tyrosine and urocanic acid identified from Bacillus sp. B1 showed a significantly high algicidal effect on H. akashiwo. The growth inhibition rates of H. akashiwo after 96 h of treatment with 300 μg/mL o-tyrosine and 500 μg/mL urocanic acid were 91.06% and 88.07%, respectively. Through non-destructive testing by Pulse Amplitude Modulation fluorometry and flow cytometer, the effects of o-tyrosine and urocanic acid on H. akashiwo PS II and physiological parameters (cell volume, mitochondrial membrane potential, and membrane permeability) were estimated. This study shows that o-tyrosine affected the photosynthesis system of H. akashiwo, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased the membrane permeability of the algal cells. Treatment with urocanic acid decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in the inhibition of algal cell growth and reproduction, but had little effect on membrane permeability and photosynthetic system. Our results may imply that when uridine degrades, surviving H. akashiwo cells may be reactivated. Therefore, o-tyrosine and urocanic acid have the potential to become new biological algicides, which can effectively control the growth of H. akashiwo.