The catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) over Au nanoparticles can be increased by light illumination. Whether this is caused by the plasmonic effect remains unclear. The present research carried out a careful examination of the effects of light illumination and temperature on the catalytic conversion of 4-NP to 4-AP over Au nanorods. It was seen that light illumination has no effect on the apparent activation energy; this indicates that the catalytic mechanism is unchanged and the activity increase cannot be attributed to the effect of hot electrons. Based on the simulation of finite-difference time domain, the theoretical analysis also showed that plasmonic heating cannot play a major role. Thermographic mapping showed that the temperature of water solutions shows an increase under light illumination. By taking this temperature increase into consideration, the light-induced increase of the 4-NP to 4-AP conversion can agree well with dark catalysis, which cannot be attributed to the plasmonic effects of the Au nanorods.Different metal ions were used to modify Hβ zeolite adsorbents by an impregnation method to remove organic chlorides from the model naphtha. The dechlorination performance of different ion-modified adsorbents was evaluated using a microcoulometer. The effects of calcination time and temperature, metal loading, adsorption time and temperature, and dosage of adsorbent were investigated by batch adsorption experiments. The modified adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), NH3-temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy of pyridine adsorption (Py-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). After modification, the modified Zn/Hβ zeolite exhibited the best dechlorination performance among the other metal-loaded zeolites. The removal percentage of organic chloride of the Zn/Hβ adsorbent prepared at optimum preparation and adsorption conditions can reach 72.54%, compared with 34.07% of Hβ zeolite. The Zn/Hβ adsorbent also maintained good dechlorination performance after regeneration by calcination for five times. The characterization results revealed that the concentration of the B acid sites in the zeolite decreased with the introduction of the metals, whereas that of the L acid sites increased. Zn/Hβ zeolite had the lowest B/L ratio but the best dechlorination performance, which meant that the type and amount of acidic sites present in zeolites played a significant role in dechlorination performance and L acid was beneficial for chloride compound removal.A systematic change of HZSM-5 (HZ5) as a catalyst of the methanol to aromatics (MTA) reaction was undertaken by employing a fixed-bed tubular-type reactor under ambient pressure, applying a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 2 h-1 at 375 °C, as the first report on the application of low-Si/Al-ratio alkaline-[Mo,Na]-HZSM-5 in the MTA process. To characterize the surface and textural properties of the catalysts, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), nitrogen adsorption/desorption, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), pyridine-infrared spectroscopy (Py-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) methods were employed. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) measurements demonstrated a selectivity of up to 86 wt % (65.7 wt % for benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX)) over 2[Mo]HZ5. NH3-TPD and Py-IR results indicated a sensible decrease of strong acid sites on the impregnated samples, while the surface analyses revealed the highest Lewis acid sites (LAS) together with the largest mesopore surface area for 2[Mo]alk-HZ5, supporting the migration of Mo species to the bulk of the catalysts. Mo impregnation had a minor effect on the observed coke formation in the promoted catalyst.Highly enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation of pyrroles with 2-enoyl-pyridine N-oxides in water/chloroform (101) was developed under catalysis of Lewis acid. The Friedel-Crafts alkylation products can be obtained in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities. Moreover, several control experiments were carried out to study the reaction mechanism.Light, strong, and ductile materials (LSDMs) are desired in many emerging fields, such as biomedicine, aerospace industries, and structural engineering materials. However, producing such materials remains a significant challenge because their structures cannot confer the desired mechanical properties. In this study, we developed a silk fiber "welding" strategy to construct bioinspired LSDMs. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sbi-0206965.html The key to the welding process is to etch the surface of silk fiber through a partial dissolution process. The dissolved silk proteins further serve as welding materials or glues to bond the silk fibers together. Remarkably, these silk-LSDMs are not only lightweight (with the densities of around 0.28 g cm-3) but also strong and tough. Their compression strength reaches up to 13.8 ± 3.4 MPa, which is higher than those of most natural and engineered porous materials. These favorable structural and mechanical characteristics, together with outstanding biocompatibility of silk proteins, render these silk-LSDMs applicable in regenerated engineered tissues and water treatment materials.Studies of the physicochemical characteristics, group, and fractional composition of low-viscosity base oils with various nature were carried out. The influence of the composition of these oils on their low- and high-temperature characteristics was studied. Studies of the influence of the nature and composition of the dispersion medium on the physicochemical properties of low-temperature greases (LTG) thickened with lithium soap of stearic acid have been carried out. The possibility of expanding the operating temperature range and improving the antiwear properties of low-temperature greases through the combined use of low pour point mineral oil and high-index hydroprocessing oil has been found out. For the first time, the ability to predict the viscosity-temperature and tribological characteristics of lithium LTG based on standard methods for analyzing base oils are established.