Similar pattern was seen in those with non-adherence as the cause of DKA and those with recurrent DKAs. Non-adherence is a major cause of DKA admissions at Middlemore Hospital. When compared to the regional census data, there is over-representation of Pasifika and Māori population and those of lower socioeconomic status in those admitted with DKA. Similar pattern was seen in those with non-adherence as the cause of DKA and those with recurrent DKAs. To determine the nature and appropriateness of antimicrobial prescribing in adult inpatients at Canterbury District Health Board (CDHB). Multidisciplinary teams collected clinical details for all adult inpatients on antimicrobial therapy at three CDHB facilities (~1,100 beds) and made standardised assessments based on the Australian National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey (http//naps.org.au) against local guidelines and national funding criteria. Antimicrobial therapy was prescribed to 42% of inpatients (322/760), usually to treat infections [377/480 prescriptions (79%)], with amoxicillin+clavulanic acid the agent most commonly prescribed [72/480 prescriptions (15%)]. Of assessable prescriptions, 74% (205/278) were guideline compliant, 98% (469/480) were funding criteria compliant, and 83% (375/451) were appropriate clinically. Prescriptions for the most common indications-surgical prophylaxis [66/480 (14%)] and community-acquired pneumonia [56/480 (12%)]-were often non-compliant with guidelines (32% and 41%, respectively) and inappropriate (18% and 21%, respectively). Overall, the indication was documented in 353/480 (74%) prescriptions, the review/stop date documented in 145/480 (30%) prescriptions, and surgical prophylaxis stopped within 24 hours in 53/66 (80%) prescriptions. Most antimicrobial prescriptions were appropriate and complied with guidelines. Compliance with key quality indicators (indication documented, review/stop date documented, and surgical prophylaxis ceased within 24 hours) were well below target (>95%) and needs improvement. 95%) and needs improvement. Damage control resuscitation with limited crystalloids and early use of blood products is now considered standard care in major trauma. The purpose of this study was to audit resuscitation practice in trauma patients where a massive transfusion protocol (MTP) had been activated, to determine whether crystalloid administration and adherence to the MTP had improved since an audit and education sessions in July 2017. We conducted a retrospective study looking at trauma patients presenting to Christchurch Hospital who had a MTP activated form the 1 May 2016 to 1 March 2019. Patients were identified by cross-referencing the trauma call database with the electronic transfusion registry. Thirty-four patients were included in the audit. There was no significant difference in mean crystalloid administration before and after July 2017 (5.74 litres and 4.86 litres respectively). Patients presenting before July 2017 received a significantly lower mean fresh frozen plasma to red blood cells (FFPRBC) compared to patients after July 2017. Trauma patients with major haemorrhage at Christchurch Hospital are still receiving excess crystalloids; however, our audit suggests that compliance with the MTP has improved. Further education involving the entire trauma team is required to improve fluid resuscitation practice. Trauma patients with major haemorrhage at Christchurch Hospital are still receiving excess crystalloids; however, our audit suggests that compliance with the MTP has improved. Further education involving the entire trauma team is required to improve fluid resuscitation practice. Medical students suffer from a considerable level of stress, which can result in the deterioration of their mental health, including depression or suicidal ideation. They are afraid to seek help due to stigmatization and environmental ostracism. The goal of the study is to analyze the psychological support and stress management programs for students supported by medical schools in Poland. The authors sent out e-mails with 9 questions regarding the issue being analyzed to all 19 medical schools in Poland. They obtained answers from 15 such schools, which corresponds to a response rate of 79%. The study was conducted in 2018-2019, before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Due to the lack of central regulations, support is provided by medical schools individually. Those solutions focus on short-term, temporary therapy. If a longer therapy is needed, students are redirected to external health providers. Moreover, information about the support is not transferred by student-friendly communication channels. Support should be flexible, and it should quickly adapt to the emerging trends and consider students' feedback. A future model of psychological support could be a center organized as a transfer point between a university problem-solving facility and external health providers, concentrating on short-term activity. Quick support would eliminate potential complications and more serious mental problems. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2021;34(1)87-99. Support should be flexible, and it should quickly adapt to the emerging trends and consider students' feedback. A future model of psychological support could be a center organized as a transfer point between a university problem-solving facility and external health providers, concentrating on short-term activity. Quick support would eliminate potential complications and more serious mental problems. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2021;34(1)87-99.Over the past years, many legitimate concerns have been raised about the effects of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as an endocrine disruptor, especially on reproduction. The aim of this publication is to critically review the literature related to the developmental and reproductive toxicity of DBP in animals. Several electronic databases were systematically searched until 2019. https://www.selleckchem.com/MEK.html Studies were qualified for the review if they linked exposure to DPB with reproduction, were published in English after 1990, and were conducted on animals. In the studies of the testicular effects of DBP on experimental animals, the most common effects of exposure included reduced fertility, atrophic changes in male gonads, degenerative changes in the epididymis, as well as a reduction in sperm count and motility, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, poor sperm quality and other genital defects (decreased testicular weight, delayed spermatogenesis, Leydig cell aggregation, impaired Sertoli cell maturation, and significant inhibitions of testicular enzymes).