Screening for developmental delays during critical periods of infant development is essential for early detection and intervention. Among high-risk infants in resource-limited settings, including those who are HIV-exposed, there is a greater need for screening. The present study expanded upon previous analyses of the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) by providing psychometric properties to evaluate the appropriateness of using the BINS in a sample of HIV-exposed infants in rural South Africa. A total of 160 mothers with HIV, their infants, and their male partners were recruited. The BINS was administered to the infants and their weights were recorded. Mothers completed measures of depression, intimate partner violence, male involvement, and adherence. Male partners reported their own involvement in perinatal care. Results demonstrated support for a five-factor structure consistent with previous transcultural adaptations of the BINS, demonstrating construct validity, as well as adequate resessment to determine a need for intervention in community-based clinics. Homelessness and unstable housing (HUH) negatively impact care outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH). To inform design of a clinic program for PLWH experiencing HUH, we quantified patient preferences and trade-offs across multiple HIV-service domains using a discrete choice experiment (DCE). We sequentially sampled PLWH experiencing HUH presenting at an urban HIV clinic with missed primary care visit and viremia in the last year to conduct a DCE. Participants chose between two hypothetical clinics varying across five service attributes care team "get to know me as a person" versus not; receiving $10, $15 or $20 gift cards for clinic visits; drop-in versus scheduled visits; direct phone communication to care team versus front-desk staff; staying 2 versus 20 blocks from the clinic. We estimated attribute relative utility (i.e., preference) using mixed-effects logistic regression and calculated the monetary trade-off of preferred options. Among 65 individuals interviewed, 61% were >40 years-old; 45% white; 77% male; 25% heterosexual; 56% lived outdoors/emergency housing, and 44% in temporary housing. Strongest preferences were for patient-centered care team (β = 3.80; 95%CI 2.57-5.02) and drop-in clinic appointments (β = 1.33; 95%CI 0.85-1.80), with a willingness to trade $32.79 (95%CI 14.75-50.81) and $11.45 (95%CI 2.95-19.95) in gift cards/visit, respectively. In this DCE, PLWH-HUH were willing to trade significant financial gain to have a personal relationship with and drop-in access to their care team rather than clinic proximity and gift cards. These findings informed Ward 86's "POP-UP" program for PLWH-HUH and can inform "Ending the HIV Epidemic" efforts. In this DCE, PLWH-HUH were willing to trade significant financial gain to have a personal relationship with and drop-in access to their care team rather than clinic proximity and gift cards. These findings informed Ward 86's "POP-UP" program for PLWH-HUH and can inform "Ending the HIV Epidemic" efforts. Empirical data on the consequences of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on HIV care are lacking. We surveyed people living with HIV (PLWH) in different countries to investigate whether their medical follow-up and psychosocial well-being had been compromised due to COVID-19 and associated restrictions. In April 2020, a cross-sectional survey among PLWH was conducted using a web-based multilingual questionnaire. The research tool assessed HIV follow-up, psychosocial well-being, COVID-19 (flu-like) symptoms and prevention measures. Consenting respondents provided answers anonymously. Three hundred seventeen PLWH were included (mean age 43.4 ± 11.7; 71.6% men); 60.3% of participants resided in Belgium and Brazil. One hundred forty (44.2%) reported experiencing a cold with at least one flu-like symptom since January 2020. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ml-7.html Of the 18 who reported COVID-19 test results, 4 (22.2%) were positive. Seventy-four (23.3%) respondents screened positive for major depressive disorders, whereas 72 (22.7%) support to PLWH during such outbreaks. Despite a doubling of HIV testing coverage in Kenya over the last decade, approximately two in 10 people with HIV remained unaware of their infection in 2018. HIV testing is most effective in identifying people with undiagnosed HIV through frequent and strategic testing in populations at high risk. An assessment of testing frequency and predictors of first-time and repeat testing is critical for monitoring effectiveness of testing strategies. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of adults aged ≥18 who tested HIV-positive at 4 HIV testing and counseling clinics in Kenya from February 2015-February 2016. We categorized individuals based on testing history, used Wilcoxon rank-sum tests to assess differences in intervals between the most recent and current HIV test, and log-binomial regression to determine characteristics associated with first-time and repeat testing. Among 1136 people testing HIV-positive, 336 (30%) had never tested before and 800 (70%) had, of whom 208 (26%) had previously tested positive. Among previously-negative repeat testers, the median intertest interval was 414 days in key/priority populations (IQR=179-1072) vs. 538 in the general population (IQR=228-1299) [p=0.09]. Compared to previously-negative repeat testers, being a first-time tester was associated with being age ≥40 years (vs. 18-24; adjusted risk ratio [aRR]=1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.23-2.26, male (vs. female; aRR=1.45, 95%CI=1.21-1.71), and testing through provider-initiated testing and counseling (vs. client-initiated; 1.19, 95%CI=1.00-1.40). There is a need to increase HIV testing among older individuals and men, increase testing frequency in key/priority populations, and maintain provider-initiated and facility-based testing to reach first-time testers. There is a need to increase HIV testing among older individuals and men, increase testing frequency in key/priority populations, and maintain provider-initiated and facility-based testing to reach first-time testers.