Resistance to colistin (CST) mediated by mobile genetic elements has had a broad impact worldwide. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/l-arginine-l-glutamate.html There is an intensified call for epidemiological surveillance of mcr in different reservoirs to preserve CST for future generations. In Nigeria, the poultry industry is a key livestock sector. This study was undertaken to screen putative colistin-resistant Enterobacterales (CST-r-E) from poultry birds in Southeast Nigeria and to determine the genetic relatedness of mcr-harbouring isolates. Faecal and cloacal swab samples (n=785) were collected from chickens in 17 farms located in three contiguous states in Southeast Nigeria between March-November 2018. Following selective culture, CST-r-E were isolated. Confirmation of CST resistance, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, molecular detection of genes mcr-1 to mcr-10, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis were performed on the isolates. A questionnaire was distributed to investigate the knowledge about CST and its use of chicken farm caretakers. Of the 785 samples evaluated, 45 (5.7%) were positive for 48 CST-r-E, among which 23 harboured the mcr-1 gene (22 Escherichia coli and 1 Klebsiella pneumoniae). In two E.coli isolates, a new allelic variant (mcr-1.22) was detected. RAPD analysis allowed the identification of 11 different fingerprints. MLST also revealed 11 STs, with 3 of them being novel. mcr has significantly spread in poultry birds of Southeast Nigeria, which poses a worrisome risk to veterinary and human health. Strategies to prevent indiscriminate use of CST in farms should be quickly adopted before CST resistance becomes a huge global health issue. mcr has significantly spread in poultry birds of Southeast Nigeria, which poses a worrisome risk to veterinary and human health. Strategies to prevent indiscriminate use of CST in farms should be quickly adopted before CST resistance becomes a huge global health issue.Transport epithelia maintain the volume, ion concentration and acid-base balance of blood and extracellular fluids. In teleost fish, mitochondrion-rich cells (MRCs) are specialized ionocytes that perform this role. These cells are found in epithelia of the gills and buccal surface of the operculum (the bony structure covering the gills). Proliferation of MRCs in response to changes in water salinity and other environmental stressors is well documented, but the cellular mechanisms underlying MRC proliferation are poorly understood. Recently, regeneration and epithelial cell replacement in the gill filaments was demonstrated in the model vertebrate, zebrafish (Danio rerio), raising the question of whether MRCs are replaced during regrowth of transport epithelia. We chose two anatomical sites where MRCs are found-the gills and the opercular epithelium-to investigate whether MRCs were replaced following surgical resection of these structures. In live imaging experiments, we observed gradual replacement of the branchiostegal valve, an extension of the operculum, in zebrafish over a period of 21 days post-resection (dpr). In regenerating epithelia of both the operculum and gills, we detected MRCs by immunohistochemical localization of the α subunit of plasma membrane Na+/K+-ATPase. In both tissues, MRCs appeared soon after resection, and as early as 1 dpr in the gill filaments. We report regeneration of the operculum and proliferation of MRCs in regenerating tissue in adult zebrafish. These studies may contribute to our understanding of how MRC populations are regulated during the regenerative process, which may occur following exposure to environmental stressors, chemical toxicity or disease.A 56-day trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary lutein pigment on growth, biochemical, and immuno-physiological parameters of the oriental river prawn. Prawns were fed five formulated diets containing different lutein levels, 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg. Growth performance, except hepatosomatic index, was affected by different lutein levels, and biochemical parameters (urea, uric acid, glucose, creatinine, and triglycerides) decreased. However, high-density and low-density lipoprotein elevated significantly compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, calcium, phosphorus, and cholesterol did not show a significant difference. Hemato-immunological parameters (albumin, total protein, cortisol, lysozyme, phenoloxidase, total hemocyte count, granular cells, semi-granular cells, hyaline cells, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase), and hepatopancreatic antioxidant statuses (total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde), were significantly affected; however, alkaline phosphatase and glutathione peroxidase were not affected by lutein treatments. By increasing dietary lutein levels, digestive enzyme activities, total bacteria count, total carotenoid content, significantly increased. Conversely, lactic acid bacteria were not affected. Overall, the research results demonstrated that adding 200 mg/kg of lutein to the diet improved growth performance, biochemical and immuno-physiological parameters of the oriental river prawn.Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 17 (TXNDC17) is an important, highly conserved oxidoreductase protein, ubiquitously expressed in all living organisms. It is a small (~14 kDa) protein mostly co-expressed with thioredoxin 1 (TRx1). In the present study, we obtained the TXNDC17 gene sequence from a previously constructed yellowtail clownfish (Amphiprion clarkii) (AcTXNDC17) database and studied its phylogeny as well as the protein's molecular characteristics, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects. The full length of the AcTXNDC17 cDNA sequence was 862 bp with a 372 bp region encoding a 123 amino acid (aa) protein. The predicted molecular mass and isoelectric point of AcTXNDC17 were 14.2 kDa and 5.75, respectively. AcTXNDC17 contained a TRX-related protein 14 domain and a highly conserved N-terminal Cys43-Pro44-Asp45-Cys46 motif. qPCR analysis revealed that AcTXNDC17 transcripts were ubiquitously and differently expressed in all the examined tissues. AcTXNDC17 expression in the spleen tissue was significantly upregulated in a time-dependent manner upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), polyinosinic-polycytidylic (poly IC), and Vibrio harveyi.