The health burden of chronic liver disease is increasing worldwide. Its main histological consequence is liver fibrosis, and eventually cirrhosis. This process is rarely diagnosed at the pre-cirrhotic stage due to it being asymptomatic. Little is known about the prevalence of liver fibrosis and associated risk factors in the general population. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and distribution of liver fibrosis using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), as well as the risk factors associated with liver fibrosis in the asymptomatic general population. This cross-sectional retrospective study consecutively selected subjects who underwent health check-ups including MRE at 13 health promotion centres in Korea between 2018 and 2020. Liver fibrosis was estimated using MRE with cut-off values for significant and advanced liver fibrosis of 2.90 and 3.60 kPa, respectively. The Χ test was used to compare the prevalence of liver fibrosis according to sex and age groups. Multivariable login the Korean general population and much higher among individuals with risk factors. This suggests that screening of liver fibrosis should be considered in general population, especially among high-risk groups. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell tumour with over 5800 new cases each year in the UK. The introduction of biological therapies has improved outcomes for the majority of patients with MM, but in approximately 20% of patients the tumour is characterised by genetic changes which confer a significantly poorer prognosis, generally termed high-risk (HR) MM. It is important to diagnose these genetic changes early and identify more effective first-line treatment options for these patients. The Myeloma UK OPTIMUM trial (MUK ) evaluates novel treatment strategies for patients with HRMM. Patients with suspected or newly diagnosed MM, fit for intensive therapy, are offered participation in a tumour genetic screening protocol (MUK ), with primary endpoint proportion of patients with molecular screening performed within 8 weeks. Patients identified as molecularly HR are invited into the phase II, single-arm, multicentre trial (MUK ) investigating an intensive treatment schedule comprising bortezomib, lenalidomide, daratumumab, low-dose cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone, with single high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) followed by combination consolidation and maintenance therapy. MUK primary endpoints are minimal residual disease (MRD) at day 100 post-ASCT and progression-free survival. Secondary endpoints include response, safety and quality of life. The trial uses a Bayesian decision rule to determine if this treatment strategy is sufficiently active for further study. Patients identified as not having HR disease receive standard treatment and are followed up in a cohort study. Exploratory studies include longitudinal whole-body diffusion-weighted MRI for imaging MRD testing. Ethics approval London South East Research Ethics Committee (Ref 17/LO/0022, 17/LO/0023). Results of studies will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. ISRCTN16847817, May 2017; Pre-results. ISRCTN16847817, May 2017; Pre-results. While multiple pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions treating chronic non-specific low back pain (CLBP) are available, they have been shown to produce at best modest effects. Interventions such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a form of non-invasive brain stimulation, have exhibited promising results to alleviate chronic pain. However, evidence on the effectiveness of rTMS for CLBP is scarce due to limited rigorous clinical trials. Combining rTMS with motor control exercises (MCE) may help to address both central and nociceptive factors contributing to the persistence of LBP. The primary aim of this randomised controlled trial is to compare the effectiveness of a combination of rTMS and MCE to repeated rTMS sessions alone, sham rTMS and a combination of sham rTMS and MCE on pain intensity. One hundred and forty participants (35/group) with CLBP will be randomised into four groups (active rTMS+MCE, sham rTMS+MCE, active rTMS and sham rTMS) to receive 10 sessions of their allocated intervention. The primary outcome will be the pain intensity, assessed at baseline, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes will include disability, fear of movement, quality of life and patient global rating of change. Ethics approval was obtained from the in June 2019 (#2020-1844 - CER CIUSSS-CN). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/propionyl-l-carnitine-hydrochloride.html The results of the study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and scientific meetings. NCT04555278. NCT04555278. Parapneumonic effusion and empyema are common complications of paediatric pneumonia. Acceptable treatment modalities for large parapneumonic effusions include antibiotics alone or in conjunction with surgical interventions. Clear guidelines on the best treatment approach are lacking and mostly based on evidence prior to widespread pneumococcal conjugate 13-valent vaccination (PCV-13). A living systematic review and network meta-analysis will be performed comparing the five treatment modalities (1) antibiotics alone; (2) chest tube drainage without fibrinolytics; (3) chest tube drainage with fibrinolytics; (4) video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and (5) open thoracotomy. The review protocol is reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines. Eligible studies are randomised controlled trials comparing any pair of interventions in paediatric patients with empyema or parapneumonic effusion. The following databases will be searched Ovid MEDLINE, EM-reviewed journal. Data will be available as part of an online database summarising the evidence of this living systematic review. Pending peer review. Pending peer review. To examine the literature on how recovery of people with severe mental illness (SMI) is conceptualised in low/middle-income countries (LMICs), and in particular what factors are thought to facilitate recovery. Scoping review. We searched 14 electronic databases, hand searched citations and consulted with experts during the period May-December 2019. Eligible studies were independently screened for inclusion and exclusion by two reviewers. Unresolved discrepancies were referred to a third reviewer. All bibliographical data and study characteristics were extracted using a data charting form. Selected studies were analysed through a thematic analysis emerging from extracted data. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram offers a summary of the results 4201 titles, 1530 abstracts and 109 full-text articles were screened. Ten articles were selected for inclusion two from Turkey, two from India, and one each from China, Swaziland, Indonesia, Egypt, South Africa and Vietnam.