The aim of the study was to investigate the issue of medial midvastus (MMV) vs. medial parapatellar (MPP) approaches in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It was hypothesized that the two surgical approaches would produce significantly different results with respect to patient-reported knee score outcome (hypothesis1), short-term postoperative range of motion (ROM) (hypothesis2), long-term postoperative ROM (hypothesis3) and prosthesis survival (hypothesis4). Aretrospective comparative study design was applied. Data sets were obtained from the state arthroplasty registry. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) data were analyzed from preoperative and 1 year postoperatively. The ROM data were analyzed for the time points preoperative, postoperative days4 and10 and 1 year. Available were 627cases (407 MMV vs. 220 MPP) and 1 year postoperatively there were no significant differences between groups regarding the WOMAC scores (hypothesis1). Early postoperatively on days4 and10 after TKA there were no differences between groups (p = 0.305 and p = 0.383, respectively, hypothesis2). Likewise, ROM did not significantly differ between the groups 1 year after TKA (p = 0.338, hypothesis3). The 5‑year prosthesis survival did not differ between the groups and showed 94.46% (95% confidence interval, CI 90.69-96.73%) in the MMV group and 94.33% (95% CI 89.96-96.83%) in the MPP group (p = 0.664, hypothesis4). Both surgical approaches produce equivalent clinical results in terms of early postoperative ROM, late postoperative ROM and 1‑year WOMAC. The same prosthesis survival rates can be expected. Both surgical approaches produce equivalent clinical results in terms of early postoperative ROM, late postoperative ROM and 1‑year WOMAC. The same prosthesis survival rates can be expected. Survival rates have improved in the past years for patients with brain metastases (BMs). To evaluate cognitive functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in a relatively large sample of long-term survivors. Data from 38 long-term survivors (assessments available≥12 mo post-GKRS) with, at time of enrollment, 1 to 10 newly diagnosed BMs, expected survival>3mo, and Karnofsky Performance Status≥70 were analyzed. Cognitive functioning and HRQoL were assessed pre-GKRS (n=38) and at 3 (n=38), 6 (n=37), 9 (n=37), 12 (n=34), 15 (n=28), and 21 (n=21) mo post-GKRS. The course of cognitive test performance and of HRQoL over time was analyzed using linear mixed models. Individual changes in cognitive performance and HRQoL from pre-GKRS to 21 mo were determined using reliable change indexes (RCIs) and clinical meaningful cutoffs, respectively. Cognitive performances and HRQoL of long-term survivors remained stable or improved up to 21 mo after GKRS. Improvements were found for immediate and delayed verbal memory, working memory, information processing speed, and emotional well-being. On the individual level, most patients had stable or improved test performances or HRQoL. For physical well-being only, most patients (47.6%) showed a decline (vs 28.6% improvement or 23.8% no change) from pre-GKRS until 21 mo post-GKRS. Up to 21 mo after GKRS, cognitive functioning and overall HRQoL improved or remained stable in long-term survivors. In long-term survivors with 1 to 10BMs, GKRS did not cause (additional) cognitive deteriorations or declines in HRQoL at longer-term follow-up. Up to 21 mo after GKRS, cognitive functioning and overall HRQoL improved or remained stable in long-term survivors. In long-term survivors with 1 to 10 BMs, GKRS did not cause (additional) cognitive deteriorations or declines in HRQoL at longer-term follow-up.Although neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is frequently used in esophageal cancer patients undergoing treatment with curative intent, it can negatively impact patients' physical fitness. A decline in physical fitness during chemoradiotherapy may be an indication of vulnerability. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether changes in physical fitness, weight, and fat-free mass index (FFMI) during nCRT can predict the risk of postoperative pneumonia. A retrospective longitudinal observational cohort study was performed in patients who received curative treatment for esophageal cancer between September 2016 and September 2018 in a high-volume center for esophageal cancer surgery. Physical fitness (handgrip strength, leg extension strength, and exercise capacity), weight, and FFMI were measured before and after chemoradiotherapy. To be included in the data analyses, pre- and post-nCRT data had to be available of at least one of the outcome measures. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive value of changes in physical fitness, weight, and FFMI during nCRT on postoperative pneumonia, as defined by the Uniform Pneumonia Scale. In total, 91 patients were included in the data analyses. Significant associations were found between the changes in handgrip strength (odds ratio [OR] 0.880, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.813-0.952) and exercise capacity (OR 0.939, 95%CI 0.887-0.993) and the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia. All pneumonias occurred in patients with declines in handgrip strength and exercise capacity after nCRT. A decrease of handgrip strength and exercise capacity during nCRT predicts the risk of pneumonia after esophagectomy for cancer. Measuring physical fitness before and after chemoradiotherapy seems an adequate method to identify patients at risk of postoperative pneumonia.This study prospectively assessed the 6-month prevalence of self-reported and psychophysically measured olfactory dysfunction in subjects with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. Self-reported smell or taste impairment was prospectively evaluated by SNOT-22 at diagnosis, 4-week, 8-week, and 6-month. At 6 months from the diagnosis, psychophysical evaluation of olfactory function was also performed using the 34-item culturally adapted University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (CA-UPSIT). 145 completed both the 6-month subjective and psychophysical olfactory evaluation. According to CA-UPSIT, 87 subjects (60.0%) exhibited some smell dysfunction, with 10 patients being anosmic (6.9%) and seven being severely microsmic (4.8%). At the time CA-UPSIT was administered, a weak correlation was observed between the self-reported alteration of the sense of smell or taste and olfactory test scores (Spearman's r = -0.26). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sf1670.html Among 112 patients who self-reported normal sense of smell at last follow-up, CA-UPSIT revealed normal smell in 46 (41.