Despite the toxin concentrations far exceeding natural conditions during a bloom event (maximum dosage = 15.4 μg/L), MC-LR was completely removed within 21 h of contact time in the biotic columns. Stimulation of community taxa during the degradation process included Burkholderiaceae, Illumatobacteraceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Rhodocyclaceae and Nitrosomonadaceae. The overall results suggest several critical species may be required for the most complete and effective degradation of MC-LR.In this study, malic acid-modified corn stalk pith (MA-CSP) was prepared as an environmentally friendly multi-functional bio-sorbent for adsorbing of dyes and oils. The sorption capacity of the MA-CSP for single and binary dyes is 328.46 mg/g - 566.27 mg/g. In addition, the MA-CSP also had good sorption for lubricating oil, soybean oil, diesel oil, and isopropyl alcohol, which were 37.2 g/g, 44.1 g/g, 33.8 g/g, and 29.3 g/g, respectively. Physical and statistical models were used to analyze the adsorption behavior of methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV). And its sorption behavior for dyes was also affected by the co-existing salts in water. The sorption mechanism of the dye was mainly electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding action. The sorption of oil was primarily via the role of van der Waals force and hydrophobic interaction. The MA-CSP, as an eco-friendly, economical and efficient multi-functional sorbent, holds promise for effective dyes and oil removal from contaminated water, and its application in other fields is also highly anticipated.Adsorption media of hybrid composites is a promising candidate to eliminate the toxic contaminants from an aqueous environment, and good regeneration ability has received considerable interest to be utilized in water and wastewater treatment. Herein, we synthesized Fe3O4 anchored polyaniline intercalated graphene oxide (Fe3O4x%-PANI@GO, where x = 10, 20 and 50% of Fe3O4 particles) hybrid composites by co-precipitation and modified Hummers' method, followed by in-situ polymerization. The as-synthesized Fe3O4x%-PANI@GO acts as a potential host in welcoming the guest ions such as anionic contaminants with different interactions in this work. Besides, the advantages of easy separation by the external magnetic field, the Fe3O4x%-PANI@GO hybrid composite also achieve a great adsorption efficiency of 143.54 and 135.67 mg/g for Cr(VI) and phosphate ions, respectively, than the other adsorbents reported in the literature. The as-synthesized adsorbents were characterized by different analytical techniques and influencing parameters such as contact time, co-existing anions, solution pH, adsorption isotherms, and kinetics were studied in detail. The adsorption system of Fe3O450%-PANI@GO hybrid composite follows the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model for the elimination of Cr(VI) and phosphate ions from aqueous solutions. The feasible removal mechanism of Cr(VI) and phosphate ions was explored by FTIR and XPS techniques for anionic pollutants. Moreover, the selectivity and recyclability tests showed that the Fe3O450%-PANI@GO hybrid composites demonstrated a high adsorption capacity towards the anionic ions from the aqueous environment. Therefore, the present investigation suggested that the Fe3O450%-PANI@GO hybrid composites is an effective adsorbent for the elimination of Cr(VI) and phosphate ions from wastewater.Street dust is an important contributor to heavy metal exposure in street sweepers. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cay10444.html In this work, the levels of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) in street dust were evaluated, and the corresponding health implications for street sweepers in the smelting district of Huludao city northeast China were assessed. The contributions of dietary sources and dust to total metal exposure in street sweepers were compared. Because street sweepers are exposed to street dust both during work and nonwork hours, the health risks faced by street sweepers are uncertain. Therefore, variable exposure duration was considered using a deterministic model. A probabilistic risk assessment model was developed to explore the health effects of street dust on street sweepers via Monte Carlo simulation. The various exposure parameters that affect risk were analyzed using sensitivity analysis. The average Cd, Pb, and As levels in the hair of street sweepers were 2.04, 20.12, and 0.52 mg·kg-1, respectively. These values were higher than those for residents (i.e., not street sweepers) of Huludao. Strong correlations were found between the logarithms (base 10) of the Cd, Pb, and As contents in dust and hair (rCd = 0.581, p less then 0.01; rPb = 0.428, p less then 0.01; rAs = 0.378, p less then 0.01; n = 62). Based on analysis using deterministic models, the maximum exposures to Cd and Pb via dust through the alimentary canal were nearly three and six times higher than the dietary exposures, respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicated that exposure duration is an important parameter.A simultaneous sampling of atmospheric and seawater samples was performed in the Taiwan Western Strait, western Arctic Ocean, and the Antarctic Ocean. Analysis of both particle and gas phase PFAS in oceanic air was conducted using cascade impactor particle fractionator, cryogenic air sampler and activated charcoal fiber sorbent for the first time with application in the Taiwan Western Strait. Mean concentration of Σ12PFAS in surface seawater and atmospheric samples were 1178 pg/L and 24 pg/m3 in the Taiwan Western Strait, 430 pg/L and 6 pg/m3 in the western Arctic Ocean, and 456 pg/L and 3 pg/m3 in the Antarctic Ocean. In oceanic air from the Taiwan Western Strait, fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) and the ionic PFAS [perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid (PFSA) and perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (PFCA)] were found in 76% and 7% respectively. Regional comparison of air/water exchange (KAW) and gas-particle (Kp) partition coefficients of PFAS in the oceanic environment indicated potential partitioning of ionic PFAS between surface seawater and oceanic air. These findings highlight the advancement in atmospheric PFAS measurements through combined novel technologies, namely size-fractionated particle sampling with cryogenic air trapping and/or activated charcoal sorption. Correlation between Kp and carbon chain length of PFAS was observed using both hyphenated techniques.