Just the opposite effect was noted for 59Fe where high microbial auxin-producing capacity resulted in the greatest accumulation of that tracer.Shiga toxin (STx) or Vero toxin is a virulence factor produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. The toxin binds to the glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) for its entry, and causes cell death by inhibiting ribosome function. Previously, we performed a loss-of-function screen in HeLa cells using a human CRISPR knockout (KO) library and identified various host genes required for STx-induced cell death. To determine whether this library targeted to the human genome is applicable to non-human primate cells and to identify previously unrecognized factors crucial for STx-induced cell death, we herein performed a similar screen in the African green monkey kidney-derived Vero C1008 subline. Many genes relevant to metabolic enzymes and membrane trafficking were enriched, although the number of enriched genes was less than that obtained in the screening for HeLa cells. Of note, several genes that had not been enriched in the previous screening were enriched one of these genes was SYS1, which encodes a multi-spanning membrane protein in the Golgi apparatus. In SYS1 KO Vero cells, expression of Gb3 and sphingomyelin was decreased, while that of glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide was increased. In addition, loss of SYS1 inhibited the biosynthesis of protein glycans, deformed the Golgi apparatus, and perturbed the localization of trans-Golgi network protein (TGN) 46. These results indicate that the human CRISPR KO library is applicable to Vero cell lines, and SYS1 has a widespread effect on glycan biosynthesis via regulation of intra-Golgi and endosome-TGN retrograde transports.E-Bibliotherapy deals with adolescent psychological stress by manually or automatically recommending multiple reading articles around their stressful events, using electronic devices as a medium. To make E-Bibliotherapy really useful, generating instructive questions before their reading is an important step. Such a question shall (a) attract teens' attention; (b) convey the essential message of the reading materials so as to improve teens' active comprehension; and most importantly (c) highlight teens' stress to enable them to generate emotional resonance and thus willingness to pursue the reading. Therefore in this paper, we propose to generate instructive questions from the multiple recommended articles to guide teens to read. Four solutions based on the neural encoder-decoder model are presented to tackle the task. https://www.selleckchem.com/btk.html For model training and testing, we construct a novel large-scale QA dataset named TeenQA, which is specific to adolescent stress. Due to the extensibility of question expressions, we incorporate three groups of automatic evaluation metrics as well as one group of human evaluation metrics to examine the quality of the generated questions. The experimental results show that the proposed Encoder-Decoder with Summary on Contexts with Feature-rich embeddings (ED-SoCF) solution can generate good questions for guiding reading, achieving comparable performance on some semantic similarity metrics with that of humans.The design of flexible wearable electronic devices that can shield electromagnetic waves and work in all weather conditions remains a challenge. We present in this work a low-cost technology to prepare an ultra-thin carbon fabric-graphene (CFG) composite film with outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) and electro-photo-thermal effect. The compatibility between flexible carbon fabric skeleton and brittle pure graphene matrix empowers this CFG film with adequate flexibility. The reticular fibers and porous structures play a vital role in multiple scattering and absorption of electromagnetic waves. In the frequency range of 30-1500 MHz, the CFG film can achieve a significantly high EMI SE of about 46 dB at tiny thickness (0.182 mm) and density (1.4 g cm-3) predominantly by absorption. At low safe voltages or only in sunlight, the film can self-heat to its saturation value rapidly in 40 s. Once the electricity or light supply is stopped, it can quickly dissipate heat in tens of seconds. A combination of the EMI SE and the prominent electro-photo-thermal effect further enables such a remarkable EMI shielding film to have more potential applications for communication devices in extreme zones.Alcohol is one of the main causes of liver diseases such as fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. To reproduce the conditions of alcohol-induced liver diseases and to identify the disease-causing mechanisms at the cellular level, several methods have been used to expose the cells to ethanol. As ethanol evaporates easily, it is difficult to mimic chronic alcohol exposure conditions at the cellular level. In this study, we developed a glass capillary system containing ethanol, which could steadily release ethanol from the polyethylene tubing and hydrogel portion at both sides of the capillary. The ethanol-containing capillary could release ethanol in the cell culture medium for up to 144 h, and the concentration of ethanol in the cell culture medium could be adjusted by controlling the number of capillaries. A long-term exposure to ethanol by the capillary system led to an increased toxicity of cells and altered the cellular physiologies, such as increasing the lipid accumulation and hepatic transaminase release in cells, as compared to the traditional direct ethanol addition method. Ethanol capillaries showed different gene expression patterns of lipid accumulation- or chronic alcoholism-related genes. Our results suggest that our ethanol-containing capillary system can be used as a valuable tool for studying the mechanism of chronic alcohol-mediated hepatic diseases at the cellular level.The increasing use of functional aramids in a wide array of applications and the inert nature of aramids against conventional dye and print methods requires developing new dyeing methods. This study aims to use environmentally friendly method with a cationic dye as an alternative for dyeing para-aramid fabrics. Experiments used a multi-factorial design with functions of pretreatment, dye solvent (water and/or glycerol) and auxiliary chemical additives (swelling agent and surfactant) and a sequential experimentation methodology. The most effective dyeing procedures involved the following steps (i) pretreatments of the fabrics with soybean oil and nonthermal plasma (NTP), (ii) using water at T = 100 °C as the dye solvent, and (iii) omitting other chemical additives. With a commercial cationic dye, these conditions achieved a color strength in K/S value of 2.28, compared to ~1 for untreated samples. FTIR analysis revealed that a functional network formed on the fibers and yarns of the fabrics by chemical reactions of excited plasma species with double bonds in the soybean oil molecules was responsible for significantly improving the color strength.