Gouty nephropathy (GN) is considered to be a prevalent renal disease and is an inflammatory event mainly induced by MSU crystals. Plantaginis Semen is a traditional Chinese herb that has been used in the treatment of gout, gouty arthritis and GN, but the mechanism and ingredients have been unclear. In this study, we explored and evaluated the preliminary structural characterizations of Plantaginis Semen polysaccharides (PSPs) and the activity of protecting against renal damage in GN rats. Three polysaccharide fractions, PSP-D, PSP-H and PSP-S, were sequentially extracted by different processes from the seed of Plantago asiatica L. The Fourier transform infrared spectral (FTIR) results showed that there were significant differences between PSP-S and the other two polysaccharides (PSP-D and PSP-H). PSP-D and PSP-H have pyrene monomers and linkages of β-glycosides in their structures, and PSP-S has furanoside in the molecular structure. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of three polysaccharides showeeffect through the down-regulation of the protein expression levels of NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 and inhibit the release of downstream inflammatory factors. PSPs are promising polysaccharides that could protect against renal injury through ameliorating renal inflammation in GN rats. Plantaginis Semen polysaccharides are potential functional food ingredients or pharmacological agents for treating GN in clinical practice.Herein, small Co nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated in N-doped double-shelled carbon nanocages grafted with thin carbon nanotubes (Co@CNTs@DSCNCs) were synthesized from yolk-shell bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework (BMZIF). For HER electrocatalysis, they exhibit higher activity (η10 = 214 mV) and more favorable kinetics than Co@CNTs@PC (PC = porous carbon) with thick CNTs and large Co NPs derived from solid BMZIF cubes.Dual sign magnetoresistance (MR) and spin-glass state are achieved by stabilizing 120 Å thick La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) film on a (001) oriented Si substrate using pulsed sputtered plasma deposition method. The growth of the ZnO film on top of LSMO suppresses the Curie temperature around 30 K, and reduces the out-of-plane positive MR to zero. On increasing the paramagnetic ZnO film thickness, the out-of-plane negative MR and net magnetic moment increase with the same Curie temperature. At the same time, the band gap decreases, and is attributed to the grain size. The existence of the spin-glass state designates the presence of the non-collinear Mn ion spins, which formed because of the competing double exchange and superexchange interactions. The spin-glass state in the LSMO film is rich in the charge transfer driven localized strong antiferromagnetic coupling at the Si-LSMO interface. The localized strong antiferromagnetic coupling and spin-orbit coupling induced weak antilocalization favor positive MR and reduce the Curie temperature in LSMO. In contrast, the strong magnetic scattering and the loss of the 2D confinement of the charge carrier in LSMO-ZnO heterostructures favor the negative MR. Our investigations show that the technologically important interfacial magnetic coupling and magnetoresistance could be achieved in a bottom interface, and can be manipulated by the top interface of the semiconducting-ferromagnetic-semiconducting heterostructures.Raman hyperspectral imaging is a powerful method to obtain detailed chemical information about a wide variety of organic and inorganic samples noninvasively and without labels. However, due to the weak, nonresonant nature of spontaneous Raman scattering, acquiring a Raman imaging dataset is time-consuming and inefficient. In this paper we utilize a compressive imaging strategy coupled with a context-aware image prior to improve Raman imaging speed by 5- to 10-fold compared to classic point-scanning Raman imaging, while maintaining the traditional benefits of point scanning imaging, such as isotropic resolution and confocality. With faster data acquisition, large datasets can be acquired in reasonable timescales, leading to more reliable downstream analysis. On standard samples, context-aware Raman compressive imaging (CARCI) was able to reduce the number of measurements by ∼85% while maintaining high image quality (SSIM >0.85). Using CARCI, we obtained a large dataset of chemical images of fission yeast cells, showing that by collecting 5-fold more cells in a given experiment time, we were able to get more accurate chemical images, identification of rare cells, and improved biochemical modeling. For example, applying VCA to nearly 100 cells' data together, cellular organelles were resolved that were not faithfully reconstructed by a single cell's dataset.2.25Cr1Mo0.25V is a state-of the-art alloy used in the fabrication of modern hydrogenation reactors. Compared to the conventional 2.25Cr1Mo steel, the 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V steel exhibits a better performance, in particular higher hydrogen damage resistance. Previous experimental studies indicate that carbides in steels may be responsible for the hydrogen-induced damage. To gain a better understanding of the mechanism of such damage, it is essential to study hydrogen uptake in metal carbides. In this study, Density Functional Theory (DFT) is used to investigate the stability of chromium, molybdenum and vanadium carbides (CrxCy, MoxCy and VxCy) in the 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V steel. The stability of their corresponding interstitial hydrides was also explored. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mg149.html The results showed that Cr7C3, Mo2C and V6C5 are the most stable carbides in their respective metal-carbon (Cr-C, Mo-C and V-C) binary systems. Specifically, V6C5 shows the strongest hydrogen absorption ability because of its strong V-H and C-H ionic bonds. On the other hand, V4C3, whose presence in the alloy was established in experimental studies, is predicted to be stable as well, along with V6C5. Our findings indicate that the hydrogen absorption ability of V4C3 is higher than that of V6C5. Additionally, the charge and chemical bonding analyses reveal that the stability of the metal carbide hydrides strongly depends on the electronegativity of the metal. Due to the high electronegativity of V, vanadium carbides form the strongest ionic bonds with hydrogen, compared to those of Mo and Cr. The results from this study suggest that the unique capacity of accommodating hydrogen in the vanadium carbides plays an important role in improved hydrogen damage resistance of the 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V alloy in hydrogenation reactors.