According to the cluster analysis, redundancy analysis and correlation analysis between bacterial community composition and environmental factors, water-saving patterns markedly impacted the relative abundance and bacterial community structure by the regulating and controlling on environmental conditions of paddy field. The dioxygenase activity, laccase activity, oxidation-reduction potential and conductivity were the main affecting factors on Phe dissipation during growth stage of rice.Phytoremediation, especially phytoextraction, is a good alternative for remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals. This method requires selection of species for their tolerance, high accumulation levels in harvestable parts, and high biomass production. Bidens pilosa L. has been reported as tolerant to and potentially hyperaccumulator of several heavy metals, including Pb, but with variable results in terms of effectiveness. The aim of this study was to analyse the intra- and interpopulation variability of B. pilosa in response to Pb in individuals from two populations one historically exposed to Pb and another with no history of exposure. Bidens pilosa L. presented tolerance to Pb pollution in soil, evidenced in a higher survival rate, a better antioxidant response, and an efficient reduction in cell membrane damage mainly due to history of exposure. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/nx-2127.html The period of exposure (30 years) was not long enough to obtain a B. pilosa population that provides seeds for phytoextraction projects, since the average value of total extraction was relatively low. Collecting seeds from a historically exposed population will provide some suitable individuals with Pb accumulation and translocation capabilities, but not a sufficient amount to conduct a large phytoremediation project. The individual accumulator profile of B. pilosa is not related to the physiological behaviour or to the Pb entry into the vascular bundle in root, but to the incorporation of other heavy metals that are micronutrients.Phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils by accumulators or hyperaccumulators has received considerable attention. However, there is still limited information about its migration, dynamic characteristics, and interaction with microbial communities in rhizosphere. In this study, the behaviors of Cd in rhizosphere soils in phytoremediation were carefully studied and illustrated. We find that the migration rate of Cd in rhizosphere is higher than the absorption rate of Cd by roots of plants, and Cd in near-rhizosphere moves sluggishly, and near-rhizosphere soils forms a mass pool of Cd for absorption by plants. Additionally, in tall fescue and Indian mustard treatments, shoot biomasses, total extracted Cd and migration rate of Cd in near-rhizosphere soils were comparable. It suggests that shoot biomasses of plants significantly affect their extraction of heavy metals from rhizosphere soils. Biomasses of bacteria significantly increased after phytoremediation, and structures of microbiome communities of soils after phytoremediation reassembled significantly. Furthermore, Indian mustard, even with relative lower root biomasses, could better reassembled the microbiome communities in rhizosphere than tall fescue which possesses a higher developed root system. In the end, analyses of functional microorganisms in rhizosphere soils provide new insights into biological and physiochemical roles of these populations in phytoremediation.Microplastic accumulation in the soil may have a negative impact on environmental security and human health. The lack of standardized method to identify and quantify microplastics in the soil is an obstacle to research. Existing techniques are time-consuming and cumbersome. We took the mixture of soil and low-density polyethylene (LDPE)∖polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as the research object to explore its spectral characteristics in the 0.6-1.8 THz (THz) band. We have proposed the new method to establish the Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) model using THz spectral data to quickly detect the microplastic pollution level in the soil from different regions. The local model is based on local soil training data set to predict local microplastic pollution, for LDPE, the average correlation coefficient (R) is 0.9833, and the average root mean square error (RMSE) is 0.0050, whereas for PVC, the average R is 0.9686, and the average RMSE is 0.0071. However, it seems to be useful only for local regions. The multisource model is that nine training sets are combined into one training set to simultaneously predict the degree of microplastic pollution in each area, for LDPE, the average R is 0.9895, and the average RMSE is 0.0007, for PVC, the average R is 0.9831, and the average RMSE is 0.0009. The results indicated that terahertz combined with LS-SVM model have a good effect on predicting the degree of soil microplastic pollution.Microcystin-LR (MCLR) is a liver and kidney toxin produced by cyanobacteria. Recently, it was demonstrated that MCLR exposure drives the progression of high fat/high cholesterol (HFHC) induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to a more severe state. NAFLD is also a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the current study investigated MCLR renal toxicity in the context of an HFHC diet. Sprague Dawley rats were fed either a control diet or an HFHC diet for 10 weeks. After 6 weeks of diet, animals were administered either vehicle, 10 μg/kg, or 30 μg/kg MCLR via intraperitoneal injection every other day for 4 weeks. HFHC diet alone increased the renal glomerular change histopathology score, and 30 μg/kg MCLR exposure increased this score in both the control group and the HFHC group. In contrast, 30 μg/kg MCLR caused greater proteinuria and cast formation and decreased protein phosphatase 1 and 2A protein expression in the HFHC group. Urinary excretion of KIM-1 increased, but albumin and tamm-horsfall protein did not change after MCLR exposure. The general concordance between KIM-1, polyuria, proteinuria, and renal casts after MCLR exposure suggests that proximal tubule cell damage contributed to these connected pathologies. The control group adapted to repeated MCLR exposure by increasing the urinary elimination of MCLR and its metabolites, whereas this adaptation was blunted in the HFHC group. These data suggest an HFHC diet may increase the severity of certain MCLR-elicited renal toxicities.