The purpose of this study was to review literature concerning voice disorders in school-aged children. Integrative review. A database search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Complete, and Medline. All records included in this review were peer-reviewed journal articles that discussed voice disorders in children, conducted in the United States or Canada, written in English, and published between 2009 and 2019. Database searching identified 1,771 records and 551 duplicates were removed. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jsh-150.html A total of 1,220 records were screened and 949 records were excluded. Two hundred and seventy-one full-text records were screened and 12 records met inclusion criteria. Vocal fold nodules were the most commonly reported vocal fold pathology. The Consensus Auditory Perceptual Evaluation of Voice and endoscopy were the most commonly reported assessments. However, variations in practice patterns and access to voice services may exist. The findings highlight that school-aged children may face barriers in accessing voice services. As a result, continued analyses of the potential barriers that hinder identification and treatment of voice disorders in this population appear warranted. The findings highlight that school-aged children may face barriers in accessing voice services. As a result, continued analyses of the potential barriers that hinder identification and treatment of voice disorders in this population appear warranted. To investigate the extent to which vocal load is associated with previous diagnosis of a vocal pathology among four major genres of singers (primarily classical, primarily musical theatre (MT), classical and MT combined, and contemporary commercial music only). Cross sectional survey. An anonymous online survey was sent out to about 1000 professional singers through convenience sampling to touring companies, opera companies, MT companies, agents, directors and musical directors. Social media and email were used to solicit participation in the study. We utilized means and standard deviations for continuous characteristics and frequencies and percentages for categorical characteristics and calculated P values to assess whether differences were statistically significant. A total of 396 professional singers completed the survey, yielding a 40% response rate. Nonprofessional singers, incomplete surveys, and respondents <18 years old were excluded, resulting in a total of 238 responses. Among the 238 parrds to water intake. Participants with acid reflux were three times more likely to have ever reported vocal pathology. Vocal load was not significantly associated with vocal pathology across singing genres; however other nonsinging factors such as allergy, reflux and water intake were significantly associated with vocal pathology. Vocal load was not significantly associated with vocal pathology across singing genres; however other nonsinging factors such as allergy, reflux and water intake were significantly associated with vocal pathology. Point-of-care (POC) C-reactive protein (CRP) testing is employed in European primary care settings to differentiate viral from bacterial respiratory tract infections (RTIs) the latter, requiring referral for antibiotics. This service has yet to be trialled in Australian community pharmacy to support over-the-counter RTI management. To evaluate the feasibility, based on clinical and operational outcomes, of POC CRP testing to support Western Australian community pharmacists' management of RTIs. Patients with RTI signs and symptoms were recruited from June-August 2019at 5 community pharmacies. Trained pharmacists made recommendations based on participants' POC CRP levels and routine clinical assessment. Participants completed questionnaires and telephone follow-ups on Days 3 (by pharmacists) and 5 (by researchers) post-testing. Service provision and uptake were assessed in 3 separate weekly tally sheets. Clinical outcomes CRP levels among the 131 participants recruited were < 5mg/L (bacterial infectice, supported by CRP testing, potentially reduced unnecessary GP visits and antibiotic prescribing. POC CRP testing was a feasible and well-accepted strategy to facilitate community pharmacy as a triage point for RTI. Consumer confidence in the pharmacists' advice, supported by CRP testing, potentially reduced unnecessary GP visits and antibiotic prescribing. Reopening schools during the COVID-19 pandemic is a challenging policy issue that requires mitigation strategies, such as mask-wearing and social distancing. Whether youth will conform to these strategies is unclear. We leverage data on 1,152 youth's mask-wearing and social-distancing behaviors from observations of five in-person live-streamed high school graduations from one U.S. public school district in July 2020. Multiple researchers took ethnographic field notes and systematically recorded public health behaviors for each graduation. We also use data from the local public health department, school district, newspapers, community observations, and the National Center for Education Statistics. We then conducted a descriptive quantitative analysis of mask-wearing status by gender, ethnicity, and school, along with a qualitative thematic analysis. Nearly 70% of students wore their masks properly while receiving their diploma, although 9.6% wore no mask and 18.7% struggled with mask fit. Almost all students removed masks for graduation photos after adults suggested they should, although 80% of them were wearing their mask properly before the photo. We found significant school variation, but no gender or ethnic variation in student mask-wearing. School variation aligned with political themes of student speeches and in adult commitment to safety measures. Student speakers at all schools mentioned altruistic concern about COVID-19. All schools struggled with social distancing throughout the ceremony, except when students were seated in socially distanced chairs. This study provides important insights into youth conformity to COVID-19 guidelines and strategies to protect public health during in-person schooling. This study provides important insights into youth conformity to COVID-19 guidelines and strategies to protect public health during in-person schooling.