ows for the application on event-free continuous EEG, for which the artefact removal is more challenging.Konzo is a toxico-nutritional upper motor neuron disease causing a spastic paraparesis in schoolchildren and childbearing women in some African countries. Almost a century since the first description of konzo, its underlying etiopathogenic mechanisms and causative agent remain unknown. This paper aims at refreshing the current knowledge of konzo determinants and pathogenesis in order to enlighten potential new research and management perspectives. Literature research was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases according to the PRISMA methodology. Available data show that cassava-derived cyanide poisoning and protein malnutrition constitute two well-documented risk factors of konzo. However, observational studies have failed to demonstrate the causal relationship between konzo and cyanide poisoning. Thiocyanate, the current marker of choice of cyanide exposure, may underestimate the actual level of cyanide poisoning in konzo patients as a larger amount of cyanide is detoxified via other unusual pathways in the context of protein malnutrition characterizing these patients. Furthermore, the appearance of konzo may be the consequence of the interplay of several factors including cyanide metabolites, nutritional deficiencies, psycho-emotional and geo-environmental factors, resulting in pathophysiologic phenomena such as excitotoxicity or oxidative stress, responsible for neuronal damage that takes place at sparse cellular and/or subcellular levels.Methylmercury (MeHg) is a long-lasting organic environmental pollutant that poses a great threat to human health. Ingestion of seafood containing MeHg is the most important way by which it comes into contact with human body, where the central nervous system (CNS) is the primary target of MeHg toxicity. During periods of pre-plus postnatal, in particular, the brain of offspring is vulnerable to specific developmental insults that result in abnormal neurobehavioral development, even without symptoms in mothers. While many studies on neurotoxic effects of MeHg on the developing brain have been conducted, the mechanisms of oxidative stress in MeHg-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity is less clear. Hitherto, no single process can explain the many effects observed in MeHg-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity. This review summarizes the possible mechanisms of oxidative stress in MeHg-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity, highlighting modulation of Nrf2/Keap1/Notch1, PI3K/AKT, and PKC/MAPK molecular pathways as well as some preventive drugs, and thus contributes to the discovery of endogenous and exogenous molecules that can counteract MeHg-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity.Positive effect of some cannabinoids in the treatment and prophylaxis of a wide variety of oxidation-associated diseases and growing popularity of supplements containing cannabinoids, mainly cannabinoid oils (e.g. CBD oil, CBG oil), in the self-medication of humans cause a growing interest in the antioxidant properties of these compounds, especially those not showing psychotropic effects. Herein, we report the antioxidant activity of cannabigerol (CBG), cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabinol (CBN), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabinolic acid (CBDA) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (Δ9-THCA) estimated by spectrophotometric methods ABTS, DPPH, ORAC, beta-carotene CUPRAC and FRAP. The presented data prove that all the examined cannabinoids exhibit antioxidant activity manifested in their ability to scavenge free radicals, to prevent the oxidation process and to reduce metal ions. Although the intensity of these activities is not the same for the individual cannabinoids it is comparable for all of them with that of E vitamin. As results from the research, the significance of the two types of electron sources presenting in examined cannabinoids, phenolic groups and double bonds transferring electrons, depends on the type of electron-accepting species - radicals/metal ions.Extruded three-dimensional (3D) printing based on photocurable materials has shown good application prospects in the medical field. This has been attributed to the operational aspect that can be performed at room temperature and the high mechanical strength of the extrudate and final product. However, the commonly used photocurable polymer, polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), has a low viscosity and exhibits a long crosslinking time. Therefore, additives are added to improve the printability of the extrudate. In this study, various hydrogels were used to improve the mixing uniformity and rheological behavior of PEGDA-based printing materials. Printing accuracy and mechanical strength were evaluated to optimize print material composition and process parameters. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K100M was found to improve the shear thinning and self-supporting properties of printing materials, which were essential for printability. Although the storage modulus of the photocured material proportionally increased with curing time in the range of 20-80 s, the minimal layer time of the 3D samples remained at 65 s, ensuring interlayer adhesion. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/azaindole-1.html Gastro-floating tablets with different infill densities were printed to illustrate the application of 3D extrusion printing in personalized medicine. The weight, crushing strength, and floating time were regulated by the infill density of the models. Overall, this study demonstrates that extrusion printing with a photocurable material is an easy way to prepare customized oral preparations with complex internal structures and tunable properties.The surfactant template-directed solvothermal method was applied in the synthesis of hierarchical mesoporous zinc-imidazolate derivative metal-organic framework (mesoMOF), which was then utilized for active loading of cisplatin (cis-Pt). To fabricate mesoMOF, various amounts of the surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 0.1-0.3 g) and linker (citric acid 0.05-0.15 g) were added to the reaction mixture, which resulted in different particle sizes and morphologies. MesoMOF quality attributes such as Specific surface area (SSA), total porous volume, and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore diameter were also determined. At the optimum reaction condition, mesoMOF with a high surface area (1859 m2/g), pore diameter (14.13 nm) and total pore volume (0.314 cm3/g) was attained. In the next step, cis-Pt was actively loaded in the mesoMOF with a high loading capacity (28% w/w), which was remarkably superior to the microporous MOF. Interestingly, in mildly acidic pH (5.5), mesoMOF underwent degradation, resulting in a rapid release of cis-Pt.